Russian local government during the war and the Union of Zemstvos

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Monograph

Identifikator:: 1794855874

URN:: urn:nbn:de:zbw-retromon-179223

Document type:: Monograph

Author:: Polner, Tichon I. http://d-nb.info/gnd/172311195

Title:: Russian local government during the war and the Union of Zemstvos

Place of publication:: New Haven

Publisher:: Yale Univ. Press

Year of publication:: 1930

Scope:: XXV, 317 S.

Digitisation:: 2022

Collection:: Economics Books

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Chapter

Document type:: Monograph

Structure type:: Chapter

Title:: Chapter IV. General outline of the work of the Union of Zemstvos

Collection:: Economics Books

CHAPTER 1V GENERAL OUTLINE OF THE WORK OF THE UNION OF ZEMSTVOS The First Steps. TuE Union of Zemstvos began its work with very modest prospects. At the outset, it was given a quite definite scope by the medical au- thorities of the army, headed by the aged Prince Oldenburg. A straight line was drawn across the map from Moscow to Kiev, to separate the two areas in which the Government and the Unions of Towns and of Zemstvos were to do their work. East of this line, far behind the war zone, the Union of Zemstvos and Union of Towns were to operate, while west of it, in the rear of the army and in the immediate vicinity of the front, only the government organizations, that is the military hospitals and the semi-official Red Cross, were permitted. Such had been the decision of the Emperor, and it had, of course, to be respected. The sum of 10,000,000 to 12,000,000 rubles had been collected by the Zemstvo Union, through zemstvo appropria- tions and voluntary contributions. This might have sufficed to fur- nish and maintain for a period of about half a year 25,000 to 30,000 oeds and a few hospital trains. The plan was to receive the sick and wounded soldiers at certain railway junctions and convey them to the zemstvo hospitals scattered all over the country. These modest plans had however to be abandoned very early. The territory from which the two Unions had been excluded comprised fifteen provinces in which the zemstvos had joined the Union and al- ready made extensive preparations to take charge of the casualties of the War. This alone was enough to show that it would be impos- sible in practice to adhere to the restrictions originally imposed. Moreover, the experience in previous wars seemed to indicate that a moment would probably arrive when the authorities would be only too glad to obtain any assistance that might be offered them in the war zone, no matter from what source. These expectations proved to be justified much sooner than could have been foreseen. The work in the rear was rapidly falling almost antirely upon the shoulders of the Unions. The medical department

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