Russian local government during the war and the Union of Zemstvos

Bibliographic data

Monograph

Identifikator:: 1794855874

URN:: urn:nbn:de:zbw-retromon-179223

Document type:: Monograph

Author:: Polner, Tichon I. http://d-nb.info/gnd/172311195

Title:: Russian local government during the war and the Union of Zemstvos

Place of publication:: New Haven

Publisher:: Yale Univ. Press

Year of publication:: 1930

Scope:: XXV, 317 S.

Digitisation:: 2022

Collection:: Economics Books

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Chapter

Document type:: Monograph

Structure type:: Chapter

Title:: Chapter IV. General outline of the work of the Union of Zemstvos

Collection:: Economics Books

68 THE ZEMSTVOS DURING THE WAR initiated a new phase of zemstvo work—at the front. It was ad- mitted that the equipment had been very carefully thought out and that it was practical and convenient, and the Zemstvo Union was requested to equip at government expense thirty more trains; eventually the order was increased by another twenty. By December 1, 1914, forty zemstvo hospital trains were already in operation and toward the beginning of 1917 the number had increased to seventy- five. Up to January 1, 1917, the fifty trains in operation at that time had completed 3,360 trips and conveyed 1,626,531 men. We shall discuss the dramatic history of these hospital trains later on. Field Detachments and Canteens. In the beginning of September, 1914, word was received that the army at the front was anxious to have the assistance of the zemstvo field detachments and canteens. The Central Committee suggested to General Brusilov that it would be permitted to furnish two field detachments and canteens. The General promptly answered: “Please accept the deep appreciation of myself and the army. I ask you to direct the field detachments to Lvov (Lemberg), so that they may follow the advance of the army.” The Zemstvo Union set to work organizing two detachments simi- lar to those which were equipped during the Japanese War. The first detachment left for Galicia on September 24, and the second on October 7. Altogether thirty-one detachments were organized. Their equipment varied greatly, depending upon the good will of the donors, since it was mostly individual zemstvos, banks, co- operative associations, and other such institutions that had shared in creating and maintaining them. The detachments were provided with equipment for one hundred to two hundred cots, with horses and wagons, water boilers, and field kitchens. The zemstvo repre- sentatives in charge of these units were given wide powers. They were expected to adapt themselves to rapidly changing conditions, so as to alter the nature of their work accordingly, pursuing one principal aim,—to assist the army in every possible way. Through the hospital trains, field detachments, and canteens, the Zemstvo Union was enabled to enter into constant and close relations with the army and, in trying to supply its wants as far as possible, gradually developed a far-reaching activity on all the fronts.

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