Origin, birthplace, nationality and language of the Canadian people

Bibliographic data

Monograph

Identifikator:: 1794974814

URN:: urn:nbn:de:zbw-retromon-182133

Document type:: Monograph

Title:: Origin, birthplace, nationality and language of the Canadian people

Place of publication:: Ottawa

Publisher:: Acland

Year of publication:: 1929

Scope:: 224 S.; Diagramme

Digitisation:: 2022

Collection:: Economics Books

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Chapter

Document type:: Monograph

Structure type:: Chapter

Title:: Chapter XI. Occupational distribution of the population

Collection:: Economics Books

206 OCCUPATIONAL DISTRIBUTION OF THE POPULATION sere Sr eens eee ———reereereem se ome ere eee British born and foreign born in general. While the British born males constituted 17.4 p.c. of the male population fifteen years of age and over, British born employed males formed i8 p.c. of the gainfully occupied male population in Canada; and while the foreign born males formed only 15.6 p.c. of the male population fifteen years of age and over, employed males of foreign birth represented 16.3 p.c. of the total occupied male population of the sountry. Thus both the British and foreign born males constituted larger proportions of the working population than would be expected from their numerical strength. The conclusion is that the British born and foreign born males are more generally employed than are the Canadian born, as is shown clearly in Table 130. While the number of males of Canadian birth engaged in gainful occupations represent only 87.5 p.c. of the total Canadian born males 15 years of age and over, the proportions of the British born and foreign born were 92.3 and 93.3 p.c., respectively, Such high rates of employment are not unexpected, how- ever, because of the unique age distribution of the new immigrants. Both the British born and foreign born are abnormally concentrated between 20 and 40 years of age—the econ- omically productive years. The women of British birth take remunerative work somewhat more generally than the Canadian born, but the foreign born women do so to 4. much smaller extent. The proportion of Canadian born women gainfully employed was 18.2 p.c. as compared with the higher figure of 19.5 p.c. for the British born and the lower figure of 12.4 p.c. for the foreign born. Thus, while the British and foreign born males and the British born females are engaged in the country’s industries to a relatively greater extent than the Canadian born, the foreign born females find employment outside the home to a much less marked degree. Were data available for the daughters of the immigrant women the experience of the United States warrants the opinion that a very different situation would be revealed. Of all groups of women the daughters of foreign born parents show the largest percentage employed in the United States. Proportions Employed in Specified Occupations—Turning now to a detailed examina-~ sion of Table 127, attention is first directed to the occupational distribution of the male population. Approximately 41 pe. of the Canadian born employed males were engaged in agriculture; 14.5 p.c. in manufactures; 10 p.c. in services of various kinds, and 9, 8 and 7 pc. in trade, transportation and construction respectively. Those six groups of industries hus accounted for about 90 pe. of the male working population of Canadian birth in Janada. A comparison of the distribution of the immigrants among the Canadian industries with that of the Canadian born males is suggestive. The males from the British Isles show 24 p.c. employed in agriculture, compared with 41 pe. for the Canadian born males. That this should be so was anticipated in the section on rural and urban distribution of immigrant sopulation. The British born showed a relatively high percentage living in urban districts. While the males from the British Isles had a much smaller percentage in agriculture than the Canadian born males, they showed about half again as large a proportion in all manu ‘acturing industries and over twice as large a proportion in the iron and steel industry [he construction, transportation and service groups also claimed much larger proportions or the British immigrants, and this is also the case with mining and quarrying. Immigrants from the British possessions show the least inclination to go into agriculture. Of males from portions of the British Empire other than the British Isles, less than 10 pe, were found on farms in 1921, that is, only one-fourth as large a proportion as for the Canadian born males. The main occupations attracting immigrants from the British posses- sions are the manufacturing. Almost 25 p.c. of the males were employed in one or other of such industries, and the percentage in the iron and steel industry was notably high. Indeed the proportion of males from the British possessions employed in that industry was aigher than that of any other immigrant group, and three times as large as that for the Canadian born. Abnormally high proportions are also employed in mining and quarrying, and as in the case of those from the British Isles, disproportionate numbers are engaged in ronstruction, transportation and the various services, Thus, speaking generally, the immigrant males of British birth avoid agriculture, bus concentrate in mining, manufacturing, building and transportation to a much greater extent than do the Canadian born. Particularly do they concentrate in the iron and steel industry.

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