Report on the trade in refrigerated beef, mutton and lamb

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Monograph

Identifikator:: 1800540760

URN:: urn:nbn:de:zbw-retromon-185131

Document type:: Monograph

Title:: Report on the trade in refrigerated beef, mutton and lamb

Place of publication:: London

Publisher:: Stat. Off.

Year of publication:: 1925

Scope:: vi, 65 Seiten; Ill., graph. Darst.

Digitisation:: 2022

Collection:: Economics Books

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Chapter

Document type:: Monograph

Structure type:: Chapter

Title:: Chapter II. Historical

Collection:: Economics Books

| The above references to the canned meat trade have been introduced because they arise naturally out of the early attempts to make meat an article of international commerce, and although they did not succeed in this full object, canned meats became, and have since remained, an important supplementary foodstuff in this country and among Europeans in the tropics. In times of war, the convenience with which canned meats can be transported is an important factor, and in every campaign since 1870 they have been in great demand. In the late war, the supplies were colossal; at the close, vast stocks were lying in this country and in every theatre of war. Moreover, it neces- sarily took some time for the canning. works to reduce their rate of output, so that, in 1919, the supplies of canned meats avail- able were much in excess of potential peace requirements. As, at the same time, there were huge accumulations of frozen beef and of bacon, a very severe slump befell this commodity from which it took three or four years to recover. Between the years 1860 and 1880, many attempts were made to carry meat from the southern hemisphere. The history of these attempts has already been written.* It is sufficient to say here that it was in 1878, four years after the first consign- ment arrived from the United States, that frozen meat was first successfully brought from South America, and that it was not until the end of 1879 that a shipment was made from Sydney. In both these cases, the meat was frozen in chambers which had been specially fitted for the purpose, and not in freezing works on shore as at present. Between 1880 and 1890, both Australia and New Zealand, profiting by the early experiments, were able to build up a successful frozen-meat industry. The early history of the Argentine industry is similar to that of Australia and New Zealand except that, in the Argentine, the frozen-meat industry had to compete with two others— that of salt beef and of shipment on the hoof. It was not until the middle nineties that the trade in frozen meat became really regular and its progress rapid. In 1900, owing to an outbreak of foot-and-mouth disease in the Argentine, British ports were closed to cattle and sheep, and this stopped the trade on the hoof until 1903 when the embargo was removed, only to be reimposed after six months. The period of the first embargo coincided with the South African War; there were also labour troubles in Chicago and a drought in Australia, so that the call for Argentine frozen beef was very great. This gave the freezing companies an opportunity to consolidate their position, for the embargo on the export of live cattle increased the supply of cattle and sheep on offer to the freezing works at a time when the demand for frozen meat itself began suddenly to expand. ® See ¢“ History of the Frozen Meat Trade,” by Critchell and Raymond.

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