Report on the trade in refrigerated beef, mutton and lamb

Bibliographic data

Monograph

Identifikator:: 1800540760

URN:: urn:nbn:de:zbw-retromon-185131

Document type:: Monograph

Title:: Report on the trade in refrigerated beef, mutton and lamb

Place of publication:: London

Publisher:: Stat. Off.

Year of publication:: 1925

Scope:: vi, 65 Seiten; Ill., graph. Darst.

Digitisation:: 2022

Collection:: Economics Books

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Chapter

Document type:: Monograph

Structure type:: Chapter

Title:: Chapter III. Present sources of supply

Collection:: Economics Books

a First-quality lambs are usually graded at ‘‘ 42 1b. and under,” i.e., the two lower-weight grades are grouped together, and the average weight of the whole parcel offered is given. There are two ways of stating this average in the trade, namely, ‘ average — 1b.” and “average not to exceed — 1b.” The first is, apparently, an individual average, 7.e., each carcase must be that weight, with an agreed allowance of 1 lb. each way; in the latter case it is a bulk average, ¢.e., the individual carcases may be of any weight—unless a range of weight is stated—provided that the true average is not higher than that stated in the terms of sale. The grouping of carcases weighing under 42 Ib. for sale at one price is explained by the premium set upon light carcases, and this gives the average weight its importance, for it shows the buyer whether his purchase will contain a larger or smaller number of the lighter grade. First quality lambs, however, are not usually sold alone, but a percentage of second quality are included. Thus an offer from the Dominion may be of 10,000 Victoria lambs under 42 1b., average not to exceed 35 lb., 75 per cent. first quality, 25 per cent. second quality. The buyer bidding for such a parcel has a nice point of prices to decide, for, although he is bidding for two qualities, his normal business may be confined to first-quality goods, and, apart from weight variations, he will have to decide the exact price-relationship of the 2,500 second-quality lambs which he must buy in order to obtain 7,500 of first-quality. If he is a jobber,* he will, of course, endeavour to sell on exactly the same terms as he has bought. At times, a percentage of the heavier weights, i.e., over 42 1b., are included in an offer—the works adopting this practice in order to dispose of their heavy weights at a satisfactory price. Ability to do this depends on the general state of the forward market; in times of scarcity, the inclusion of heavy weights may be advantageous, but, in times of heavy surplus it would tend to depress the price offered for the whole parcel. The works operator, offering meat on the above system, is endeavouring, as far as possible, to pass over to the meat his method of buying the live animals. Buyers visit farms and sale yards and buy ‘ mobs,” including all grades, at a certain over-all price, though the buyers’ skill is such that they can quickly make an approximation of the proportion of each grade which their purchases include. The meat merchant, on the other hand, is interested only in such carcases as suit his trade in this country. It follows that the trade is most successful when the two agree; it is the task of the producer, therefore, to produce a carcase of the quality and weight which the meat-trader requires. | (ii) New Zealand.—Because of its climatic and other natural advantages, New Zealand holds the world’s premier position as an exporter of lamb. Its exports of mutton have also been high in recent years, though, in 1924, exports from South America * Qee pages 37-38.

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