The agrarian system of Moslem India

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Monograph

Identifikator:: 1804119261

URN:: urn:nbn:de:zbw-retromon-188010

Document type:: Monograph

Author:: Moreland, William Harrison http://d-nb.info/gnd/172263670

Title:: The agrarian system of Moslem India

Edition:: 2. ed. Reissue (d. Ausg. Cambridge) 1929; [Reprint]

Place of publication:: Delhi

Publisher:: Oriental Books, Munshiram Manoharlal

Year of publication:: 1968

Scope:: XVII, 296 S.

Digitisation:: 2022

Collection:: Economics Books

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Document type:: Monograph

Structure type:: Chapter

Title:: Chapter III. The Sayyid and Afghan dynasties

Collection:: Economics Books

THE REIGN OF AKBAR (1556-1605) 83 one-third of the average produce, stated in grain, with rates fixed in cash for a few crops only. Under Akbar, the actual Demand was made in all cases in cash, the grain-rates being commuted on the basis of current prices. This schedule could not be made to work. The terse official verdict? on it was, in literal version, that ‘abundant distress used to occur”; its use in the Reserved districts was suspended in the 13th year: and, after a short period of Group-asses- ment in those tracts, the second or ganiingo-rates were introduced. The actual working of both sets of rates can be traced in a chapter of the Ain entitled “The Nineteen- Year,” which requires a little preliminary explanation. The short text of the chapter? tells us merely that the figures appended to it, showing the cash-rates demanded in cach year on a bigha, were collected after the most diligent investigation; then follow tables arranged by provinces, showing the demand per bigha in dims (normally 40 to the rupee) on each crop in each year, from the 6th, which was presumably the earliest for which figures were available, to the 24th, when the practice of commutation was aban- doned. The figures are wanting in some manuscripts, and, where they have been copied, discrepancies are numerous, as is usually the case in such statistical tables. Blochmann, in his note to the text, describes the figures as a whole as antrustworthy, and this verdict may be taken as accurate, in the sense that no argument can safely be based on any particular item, because of the risk that that particular item may be corrupt; but even a careless copyist gives most of the figures before him correctly, and in this particular case we have the great advantage of a separate table of rates for each province. When the figures for all five provinces show a definite tendency in one direction, it is safe to accept them as evidence of what actually happened; and the instances in which this occurs are so numerous that, after analysing them n detail, I am convinced that the following account can be accepted as substantially accurate. ! Farawan ranj rafti, Ain, i. 347. * Ain, i. 303 ff. Jarrett (ii. 69) suggests in a footnote some connection with the lunar cycle of nineteen years, but this appears to be unnecessary [ take it that the table gives all the figures that could be traced in the records, which happened to be for 19 vears.

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