The agrarian system of Moslem India

Bibliographic data

Monograph

Identifikator:: 1804119261

URN:: urn:nbn:de:zbw-retromon-188010

Document type:: Monograph

Author:: Moreland, William Harrison http://d-nb.info/gnd/172263670

Title:: The agrarian system of Moslem India

Edition:: 2. ed. Reissue (d. Ausg. Cambridge) 1929; [Reprint]

Place of publication:: Delhi

Publisher:: Oriental Books, Munshiram Manoharlal

Year of publication:: 1968

Scope:: XVII, 296 S.

Digitisation:: 2022

Collection:: Economics Books

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APPENDIX D 235 read frequently of a Viceroy being posted to the nazm wa nasagq, or to the zab¢ wa rabt, or to the hirdsat wa hukimat, of his province, and we meet also the connected expression fansiq wa tanzim in cases where an officer was posted to organise the administration in newly-acquired territory. The general sense is thus clear, and it may be observed that the objection under consideration applies equally to the interpretation of 2abdf adopted in the text, hough I have not heard that this interpretation has been Juestioned. That this general meaning may make nonsense in some contexts can be shown by examples. The Ain tells us (i. 296) that, under Sher Shah and Salim Shih, Hindustan passed from ghalla-bakhshi to zabt. No one, so far as I know, has disputed the identification of the former term with the method of assess- ment which I describe as Sharing, the division of the crop between State and Peasant; and in this passage zabt must be an alternative method. To say that Hindustan passed from Sharing to Administration (in the general sense) makes nonsense: 2abt must mean a method of assessment different from Sharing, and the other passages where the word is used in the Ain bear out the interpretation that it denotes the method of Measurement, but usually with the implication of rates fixed in cash and not in grain. This sense is rare in the general literature of the period, but it occurs in a passage in the Akbarniama (ii. 333), which tells us that in the 13th year Shihdbuddin Ahmad Khin, on appointment to the charge of the Reserved lands, “having set aside the annual zabdf, established a nasag.” Here again the general meanings of the two words make nonsense, or at least [ can get no idea out of the statement that ‘ the annual adminis- tration was replaced by an administration.” In order to make sense, the two words must be taken as denoting different species of the same genus; and since zab¢ is one method of assessment, nasaq must be some alternative method. The same interpreta- tion is necessary in order to make sense of the description of the Gujardt practice (Ain, i. 485), “mostly nasaq, and paimaish is little practised,” where the contrast between two alternative methods is unmistakable; and it brings sense and order into the classification employed in the *“ Account of the Twelve Provinces,’ where Multan, for instance, is described as “wholly zabfi,” Allahabad as.partly zadfi, Berar as “for a long time nasagqi,” while in Bengal (i. 389) “the demanding of revenue proceeds on

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