The agrarian system of Moslem India

Bibliographic data

Monograph

Identifikator:: 1804119261

URN:: urn:nbn:de:zbw-retromon-188010

Document type:: Monograph

Author:: Moreland, William Harrison http://d-nb.info/gnd/172263670

Title:: The agrarian system of Moslem India

Edition:: 2. ed. Reissue (d. Ausg. Cambridge) 1929; [Reprint]

Place of publication:: Delhi

Publisher:: Oriental Books, Munshiram Manoharlal

Year of publication:: 1968

Scope:: XVII, 296 S.

Digitisation:: 2022

Collection:: Economics Books

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252 THE AGRARIAN SYSTEM OF MOSLEM INDIA crops.” That is what the Ain tells us was done, on the reading I adopt. According to the reading, then, the Ain tells us that what was done was either to strike an average of Demand, or else to strike an average and then adjust it. Either course is irrelevant to the emergency caused by the breakdown of com- mutation; both are equally relevant to the preparation of a new Valuation, and thus paragraphs D and E are apparently illogical. The emergency was that commutation had broken down: the remedy was a new jama, which, from the details given, was obviously a Valuation. The last words of the para- graph give a further illogicality. They refer to “the table,” but the tables which follow in the text, as we have it, are those of the Demand-rates, which we know were introduced at this time to meet the commutation emergency. One other point must be mentioned. As has been shown in Chapter IV., numerous detailed references in the Akbarnama prove that the practice of Assighment was in fact reintro- duced in the old provinces in, or just after, the 24th year. This must have been intentional, though no order is on record, and consequently a new Valuation must have been prepared at this time, because Assignments could not be made without one; the paragraph under examination can be understood only as describing the preparation of this third Valuation; so that, from the facts on record, it is certain that two distinct, but connected, operations were carried out at this time—preparation of the cash-Demand schedules, and of the third Valuation. The account in the Ain points to both of these, but so obscurely that we must infer either that it was badlv drafted. or that it was mutilated in editing. We must now turn to the parallel passage in the Akbarnima, (iii. 282). It tells, as we have seen, that Akbar devised the jama-i dahsala as a remedy for the breakdown of commutation, and proceeds: — “the essence of the device is that, having determined the hal-s dahsdla of each pargana from the variations of cultivation and the range of prices, he established 1/10th thereof as malt harsdla, as is explained in detail in the last volume of this work.” The Ain is the last volume of the Akbarnama, and hence this sentence should be read as a condensed paraphrase of what we are examining. In that case, hal-i dahsdla represents mahsil-i dahsala, and malt harsala represents harsila. The latter may be accepted as the same thing in more elegant

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