The agrarian system of Moslem India

Bibliographic data

Monograph

Identifikator:: 1804119261

URN:: urn:nbn:de:zbw-retromon-188010

Document type:: Monograph

Author:: Moreland, William Harrison http://d-nb.info/gnd/172263670

Title:: The agrarian system of Moslem India

Edition:: 2. ed. Reissue (d. Ausg. Cambridge) 1929; [Reprint]

Place of publication:: Delhi

Publisher:: Oriental Books, Munshiram Manoharlal

Year of publication:: 1968

Scope:: XVII, 296 S.

Digitisation:: 2022

Collection:: Economics Books

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APPENDIX G 261 to British administrators, but I think it is an anachronism, and it is certainly contradicted by the records of Akbar’s time. Thus the first of Todar Mal’s amending regulations sanctioned in the 27th year insisted (Akbarnama, iii. 351) that the assessment should be made strictly according to the dastar-ul ‘amal, or schedule of cash-rates to be charged on the area under each crop, and subsequent clauses dealt with the measurement of crop-areas in each season. Similarly the rules for collectors and their clerks (Ain, i. 286-288) show the assessment-procedure in detail. The crops on the ground were measured, areas of crop- failures were deducted, the Demand on each peasant was cal- culated on the area so adjusted, and these figures were then total- led for the village, giving an assessment statement on the basis of which the revenue for the season was to be collected. If these documents mean anything at all, they mean that in the 27th year, and in the 4oth, the prescribed method of assessment was Measurement ; the Demand on a village was not a lump sum fixed beforehand, but was calculated by applying fixed Demand- rates to the area cropped in each season. As to the second hypothesis, so long as direct administration continued, with the Demand assessed by Measurement, it would have been possible to provide figures showing the aggregate of Demand. The rules for collectors and their clerks show that assessment-statements for each village were forwarded to head- quarters season by season, and, so long as this procedure was followed, there would have been no difficulty in compiling the figures for aggregate Demand on subdivisions, districts, and provinces; in fact it would be safe to assume that such com- pilation was regularly carried out for administrative purposes, so that the figures would be available for the officials who drafted the Account of the Twelve Provinces. If, however, we accept the conclusion reached in Chapter IV, and it seems to me to be fully established by the evidence, that direct administration lasted for only five years, after which the Assignment-system was re-introduced, then it is scarcely possible that the figures under discussion can represent an existing record of the Demand at the period when the Ain was compiled. There Is no suggestion in the rules, or elsewhere, that seasonal assess- ment-statements were required from assignees, and the figures for current Demand available at headquarters would be limited to the comparatively small portions of the Empire which were then Reserved. On the other hand, the prevalence of Assignments

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