The agrarian system of Moslem India

Bibliographic data

Monograph

Identifikator:: 1804119261

URN:: urn:nbn:de:zbw-retromon-188010

Document type:: Monograph

Author:: Moreland, William Harrison http://d-nb.info/gnd/172263670

Title:: The agrarian system of Moslem India

Edition:: 2. ed. Reissue (d. Ausg. Cambridge) 1929; [Reprint]

Place of publication:: Delhi

Publisher:: Oriental Books, Munshiram Manoharlal

Year of publication:: 1968

Scope:: XVII, 296 S.

Digitisation:: 2022

Collection:: Economics Books

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Document type:: Monograph

Structure type:: Chapter

Title:: Chapter II. The 13th and 14th centuries

Collection:: Economics Books

THE 13tH AND 1l4ta CENTURIES 57 of the Assignment, and, having found it, to allot it to the claimant. It will be obvious that successful administration must have depended on a Valuation substantially in accordance with the facts. Where the Income was over-valued, claim- ants would be disappointed, and the result would be a dis- satisfied Service, a thing which no Moslem king in India could afford to tolerate; if it were under-valued, claimants would be contented, but the resources of the kingdom would be dissipated. We have seen in the last section that, under Muhammad Tughlaq, the Assignments were said to yield much more than their estimated value, or, in other words, in his time under-valuation was general. At the outset of his reign, Firliz ordered a new Valuation to be prepared; the work took six years (Afif, 94), and the total came to 53 krors of tankas. This is the first actual record of a general Valuation which I have found in the chronicles; we shall meet with others in the Mogul period, when they bulk largely in the administrative literature. : Firiiz retained this Valuation throughout his reign; and, since cultivation extended largely in the period, we must infer that his officers benefited progressively as the actual Income mounted above the accepted figure. This fact alone would go far to explain the glowing descriptions of the general happiness given by Shams Afif, a bureaucrat thinking primarily in terms of his own environment; while the fiscal effect would not necessarily have been serious, because the revenue from the Reserved sources would also have increased as the result of extended cultivation. Some allowance must also be made for the fact that the prices of produce were now on a much lower level than had ruled in the second quarter of the century, after Aliuddin’s regu- lations had been allowed to lapse. Shams Afif insists (p. 293-4) on the facts that the prevailing cheapness was not due to any action taken by Firiiz, and that, while prices varied with the seasons, the general level remained low; in other words the main effects of inflation had now dis- appeared, and the increase in cash revenue would be less than proportionate to theincrease in produce due to ex- tended cultivation. On the whole, however, it may be

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