Unemployment in the United States

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Monograph

Identifikator:: 1828236179

URN:: urn:nbn:de:zbw-retromon-226169

Document type:: Monograph

Title:: Unemployment in the United States

Place of publication:: Washington

Publisher:: United States, Government Printing Office

Year of publication:: 1930

Scope:: II, 193 Seiten

Digitisation:: 2022

Collection:: Economics Books

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Document type:: Monograph

Structure type:: Chapter

Title:: Statement of James A. Emery, Washtington, D.C., representing the National Association of Manufacturers, and others

Collection:: Economics Books

116 UNEMPLOYMENT IN THE UNITED STATES we know are not true. We ought not to take advantage of the Supreme Court's procedure by framing legislation which in form only is constitutional but which in substance is in deadily conflict with the requirements of our organic law. And apropos with what has been said with respect to appropriations made by Congress in the past in aid of matters wholly within the States, but which I will show are easily distinguishable from the pro- posals of this bill, the distinguished Senator said the time was ripe to reject the question and inquired: “Have we not gone far enough, in- deed too far, in the direction of centralization?” Now, Mr. Chairman, what does this bill propose to do? It pro- poses to establish in the Department of Labor a bureau to be known as the United States Employment Service. You have that already, but the law under which it now operates is to be repealed and this becomes the substitute legislation. The director general is to be appointed by the President, with the advise and consent of the Senate, at a salary of $10,000 per annum. He is authorized to appoint a woman assistant director general subject to him, and it shall be the province and duty of the bureau to establish and maintain a national system of employment offices for men, women, and juniors who are legally qualified to engage in gainful occupations, and, in the manner hereinafter provided, to assist in establishing and maintaining sys- tems of public employment offices in the several States and the politi- cal subdivisions thereof. The bureau is further authorized to fur- nish and publish information as to opportunities for employment, to maintain a system for clearing labor between the States, and to do this by establishing and maintaining uniform standards, policy, and procedure, and aiding in the transportation of workers to places of employment. And the service is directed to be impartial, neutral in labor disputes, and free from political influence, an addition to and a great improvement over the original bill, so far as there is no suggestion made except one calling for the voluntary cooperation of existing agencies, public in their nature, between the States, and endeavoring to secure their coordination in cooperation with the Federal service. Apart from details, then, the essential policy and purpose of the measure to which we direct your attention is this: The bill authorizes an appropriation of $4,000,000 per annum for four years, a total of $16,000,000. Seventy-five per cent of this appropriation, or. $3,000,000 per year, is to be apportioned among the several States in the proportion which their population bears to that of the United States. That sum is to be employed in the establishment of public employment offices in the States in accordance with the following plan: Wherever the State, through its legislature, author- izes an existing employment agency or establishes one to cooperate with the Federal agency, the director general apportions up to his allotment an amount equal to that appropriated by the State for the support of such State agency, not to exceed, of course, 5 per cent of the 50 per cent of the amount necessary to operate the agency. But—and this is the vital and controlling feature—each State must submit to and receive the approval of the director gen- eral of employment for its plan of operation before the State may receive Federal aid; and while receiving it the State agency must continually report operations in such form as the director general prescribes. He alone determines whether the State offices are,

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