Unemployment in the United States

Bibliographic data

Monograph

Identifikator:: 1828236179

URN:: urn:nbn:de:zbw-retromon-226169

Document type:: Monograph

Title:: Unemployment in the United States

Place of publication:: Washington

Publisher:: United States, Government Printing Office

Year of publication:: 1930

Scope:: II, 193 Seiten

Digitisation:: 2022

Collection:: Economics Books

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Document type:: Monograph

Structure type:: Chapter

Title:: Statement of James A. Emery, Washtington, D.C., representing the National Association of Manufacturers, and others

Collection:: Economics Books

UNEMPLOYMENT IN THE UNITED STATES 121 ¢ 10 shat be Tress slice , as 1 to t of was lent Arse ame nv. ty- ion 3 to and zen the not ng t of ‘are ral if 1af tes ta- by ‘ha “en on Ve Ty ts na 18 nu 0 , 1S nd of "S. 3 T= te a Mr. Sumners. Congress interprets the Constitution and there can be no remedy except that which the people apply? Mr. Emery. In many instances the remedy is only political. Mr. CeLLer. Mr. Emery, you said that the principle—I presume you mean State help—was abandoned. That is not quite true simply because we no longer have a maternity aid to States. It may be that the principle of maternity aid to States was abandoned, but the principle of State health has never been abandoned. The principle is still sound, as announced by the Supreme Court in that very maternity case, Massachusetts ». Mellon, page 482, where the court went out of its way to say that there was no coercion whatsoever upon the State; the State could say, “we will take it or we will leave it.” That being the case, there was nothing in the nature of duress or the forcing of the State to take that maternity aid. Now, can you not with equal force argue that there was no coercion here in this bill compelling the State to accept this appropriation for the purpose of alleviating unemployment? Mr. Emery. Pardon me, you have asked me two questions. If you will permit me to distinguish them, I will attempt to answer them. Mr. CerrEr. Referring to the principle now. Mr. Emery. First, I said that the policy pursued by Congress in respect to the maternity act is not a precedent, because you aban- doned the policy by the repeal of the appropriation, so far as that specific metter is concerned. Mr. CeLLER. You went further. You said the principle. Mr. Emery. I will take the second question now—pardon me. The second proposition as you state it is the one which the Supreme Court referred to in the Massachusetts case, and that was that inas- much as the State was offered a contribution by the Federal Govern- ment which it could accept or reject, it had it within its own power to decline the Federal trespass within its borders. But that 1s not what this bill does. It goes far beyond that. As I have explained to you, and as the bill plainly states, if you do not accept the Federal policy, what follows? Then we authorize the director general, either by agreement with the governor of your State, the legislature having failed to, or refused to act, and the governor failing to reach an agreement, to go into the State and for a year maintain within the State a Federal body of exchanges. That was not proposed in the maternity act. Nobody said in the maternity act that if the States do not accept the aid and pursue the Federal policy we will undertake to compel you to do it by a coercive measure; on the contrary, they said, “1f you don’t want it, don’t take it.” Mr. Cerper. Would you accept the bill with that provision stricken out, about going into the States? Mr. Emery. If it met the objection I am now about to state. The next objection to the bill, to which I called your attention, is that the policy of this bill is in plain contradiction with the unanimous recom- mendations of the President’s Conference on Unemployment, the committee on business cycles and unemployment, being a subcom- mittee of the conference, and the recommendations of the Senate Committee on Education and Labor investigating the causes and remedies for unemployment—and let me say as a preliminary explana- tion to this—and this goes to the very heart of the practical question that is here presented—first, the sources of employment are private. and

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