Kartelle

Bibliographic data

Monograph

Identifikator:: 1831288826

URN:: urn:nbn:de:zbw-retromon-230774

Document type:: Monograph

Author:: Passow, Richard http://d-nb.info/gnd/116052732

Title:: Kartelle

Place of publication:: Jena

Publisher:: Verlag von Gustav Fischer

Year of publication:: 1930

Scope:: 176 Seiten

Digitisation:: 2022

Collection:: Economics Books

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Document type:: Monograph

Structure type:: Chapter

Title:: II. Über Geschichte und Anwendungsgebiet der Anbieterkartelle

Collection:: Economics Books

140 schon aus Adam Smith’s Wealth of nations ersehen. Dort, wo er von der künstlichen Beschränkung der Konkurrenz spricht (Book I, Ch. X, Part II), erwähnt er mehrfach kartellartige Verabredungen, So sagt er: „The inhabitants of a town, being collected into one place, can easily combine together. The most insignificant trades carried on in towns have accordingly, in some place or other, been incorpo- rated, and even where they have never been incorporated, yet the corporation spirit, the jealousy of strangers, the aversion to take apprentices, or to communicate the secret of their trade, generally prevail in them, and often teach them, by voluntary asso- ciations and agreements, to prevent that free com- petition which they cannot prohibit by bye-laws. The trades which employ but a small number of hands run most easily into such combinations.“ Einige Seiten weiter heißt es: „People of the same trade sel- dom meet together, even for merriment and diversion, but the con- versation ends in a conspiracy against the public, or in some contrivance to raise prices“ Darauf folgen dann noch folgende Sätze: „It is impossible indeed to prevent such meetings, by any law which either could be executed, or would be consistent with liberty and justice. But though the law cannot hinder people of the same trade from sometimes assembling together, it ought to do nothing to facilitate such assemblies, much less to render them necessary.“ Die anschließenden Bemerkungen zeigen ein gutes Ver- ständnis für Faktoren, die eine Kartellbildung erleichtern: „A regu- lation which obliges all those of the same trade in a particular town to enter their names and places of abode in a public register, faci- litates such assemblies. It connects individuals who might never otherwise be known to one another, and gives every man of the trade a direction where to find every other man of it. A regulation which enables those of the same trade to tax themselves in order to provide for their poor, their sick, their widows and orphans, by giving them a common interest to manage, renders such assemblies necessary. An incorporation not only renders them necessary, but makes the act of the majority binding upon the whole. In a free trade an effectual combination cannot be established but by the unanimous consent of every single trader, and it cannot last longer than every single trader continues of the same mind. The majority of a corporation can enact a bye-law with proper penalties, which will limit the competition more effectually and more durably than any voluntary combination whatever.“

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