Thomson's manual of Pacific Northwest finance

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Monograph

Identifikator:: 1838857176

URN:: urn:nbn:de:zbw-retromon-229226

Document type:: Monograph

Title:: Thomson's manual of Pacific Northwest finance

Place of publication:: Seattle

Publisher:: Thomson's Statistical Service

Year of publication:: 1930

Scope:: XXX, 487 Seiten

Digitisation:: 2022

Collection:: Economics Books

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Chapter

Document type:: Monograph

Structure type:: Chapter

Title:: Section X. Real estate

Collection:: Economics Books

158 THE AGRARIAN SYSTEM OF MOSLEM INDIA in Bengal. The question, Who is the landowner? was, however, one to which no precise answer could be given. For one thing, the rights which in the aggregate constitute ownership, in the English sense of the word, were not as a rule vested in one person, but were distributed irregularly among the various parties connected with the land; and for another, the collapse of the Mogul administration had pro- duced an environment in which might counted for more than right. As the administrators came into closer contact with the facts, they learned by degrees that the important thing was, not to search for non-existent landowners, but to ascertain and respect the rights, interests, and privileges of the different parties found in enjoyment of the produce of the soil; but, before this stage had been reached, many dubious claims had been recognised, and many existing claims had disappeared, so that the first formal Record of Rights did not represent accurately the position at the end of the Moslem period. The attitude of the people, especially the important classes of Intermediaries, contributed materially to this result. As we have seen in the last chapter, the collapse of Mogul authority had resulted in a misleading appearance of uniformity among these classes. Assignments had declined in importance, while farms of the revenue had been given for longer terms, and tended in practice to become hereditary. The position of a hereditary Farmer looks from the outside very like that of a Chief; and Chiefs and Farmers alike had been busily engaged in extending their spheres of influence, bringing into their Dependencies, by fair means as well as foul, the peasants of villages who wanted only to be left alone, and were ready to pay the King’s Share to anyone who would undertake the King’s duty of protecting then against interference from outside. When English administrators looked for landowners, it was usually these Intermediaries who presented themselves; some of them, at least, realised from the outset that the English were offering a new, and possibly a stable, form of tenure; and men who had been following the road leading to kingship naturally strove for ownership when they found that king- ship was beyond their reach

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