Historisch-kritische Gesamtausgabe: Der Briefwechsel zwischen Marx und Engels 1868-1883 / [hrsg. von D. Rjazanov]

The social Theory of Georg Simmel

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Multivolume work

Identifikator:: 1818395479

Document type:: Multivolume work

Author:: Marx, Karl http://d-nb.info/gnd/118578537; Engels, Friedrich http://d-nb.info/gnd/118530380

Title:: Historisch-kritische Gesamtausgabe

Place of publication:: Frankfurt a.M.

Publisher:: Marx-Engels-Archiv

Year of publication:: 1927-

Collection:: Economics Books

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Volume

Identifikator:: 184104282X

URN:: urn:nbn:de:zbw-retromon-239451

Document type:: Volume

Author:: Marx, Karl http://d-nb.info/gnd/118578537; Engels, Friedrich http://d-nb.info/gnd/118530380

Title:: Der Briefwechsel zwischen Marx und Engels 1868-1883 / [hrsg. von D. Rjazanov]

Volume count:: Abt. 3, Briefwechsel, Bd. 4

Place of publication:: [Frankfurt a.M.]

Publisher:: [Marx-Engels-Archiv]

Year of publication:: 1931

Scope:: XVI, 759 Seiten

Digitisation:: 2022

Collection:: Economics Books

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Chapter

Document type:: Multivolume work

Structure type:: Chapter

Title:: Der Briefwechsel zwischen Marx und Engels. 1868-1883

Collection:: Economics Books

138 THE SOCIAL THEORY OF GEORG SIMMEL more immediate normative influence than the law and the mores, and it requires no contribution and support from the group to make it effective. Hence the tendency of society to urge moral perfection and to appeal to the con- science of the individual. A conscience that works effec- tively has this advantage for society, that the individual gives himself the reward for his adequate social behavior which would otherwise have to be guaranteed to him in one form or another by either custom or law. The mores are the characteristic form of norm for the small group. Formerly they were the sole regulator of so- cial life; today they function in conjunction with morality and law. Nearly all mores are class mores, that is, norms for small social circles. Non-conformity is punished by so- cial disapproval and by the immediate reactions of those observing it. The sphere of the mores is therefore the small circle in which the immediate reciprocities between indi- viduals still form the main basis of the social union. In large groups these immediate reciprocities become less important and are in some cases entirely absent. The large group can therefore not rely on the mores to guaran- tee an adequate social behavior on the part of individuals. It must create on the one hand definitely fixed and clearly defined objective standards, and on the other hand special organs whose task it is to see that these standards are com- plied with. For the state this means the formulation of stat- ute law and the creation of a judiciary and a police force. The mores regulate a large part of the individual’s ex- istence, but their function is limited to a small social circle and their sanction is not always sufficient. The law regu- lates a small part of the individual’s existence, but its func- tion extends over a large social circle and its sanction is guaranteed by severe and forceful restraint. Morality reg- ulates the whole of the individual’s existence, but it has

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