Report of the Royal Commission on Labour in India

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Monograph

Identifikator:: 1850495947

URN:: urn:nbn:de:zbw-retromon-233603

Document type:: Monograph

Title:: Report of the Royal Commission on Labour in India

Place of publication:: London

Publisher:: His Majesty's Stationery Off.

Year of publication:: 1931

Scope:: xviii, 580 S.; graph. Darst., Kt.

Digitisation:: 2022

Collection:: Economics Books

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Document type:: Monograph

Structure type:: Chapter

Title:: Chapter VII. - Unregulated factories

Collection:: Economics Books

UNREGULATED FACTORIES, 93 The number of establishments of this kind cannot be given with complete accuracy since, unlike the position in respect of the bigger factories, the aggregate number is considerable and fluctuates conti- nuously. But, from approximate figures furnished to us by most of the local Governments, we estimate that the number which employ more than nine and less than twenty persons is not less than two thousand. Extent of Regulation Recommended. The effective application of the Factories Act to these factories ab this stage would involve serious practical difficulties. We therefore recommend the general extension to them of only a few sections of the Factories Act. We are anxious to limit, for the present, the burden which the inspection of these factories would involve, and believe that the imitation proposed is justified by the fact that in most of them there is Little occasion for the enforcement of number of provisions contained in the Factories Act. Further, many of the owners or managers are unedu- cated and would find it difficult to maintain any elaborate registers, We recommend that the only operative sections of the Factories Act which should apply automatically, .e., by law, without the issue of a notification, to these factories are section 5 (giving inspectors powers of entry), Chapter III (relating to health and safety) but excluding sections 12 and 15, section 37 (relating to rules) and the appropriate parts of Chapter VIII with section 50 (relating to penalties and procedure). The provincial Governments would retain the power, which they have at present, of applying the Factories Act in, extenso to any such factory, and in addition they should be given authority to extend any selected sections, other than those automatically applied. These powers might be used, for example, to give protection to children in respect of hours, or to check excessive hours generally, or to secure holidays, as necessity arises. Mr Joshi and Diwan Chaman Lall consider that those sections of the Factories Act relating to hours and the weekly rest day should be applied and extended to all factories employing more than 3 persons. The Criterion of Numbers. The recommendations made above are intended to apply to factories using power and employing not less than 10 but less than 20 persons. We also advocate that provincial Governments he given power bo apply the sections specified above to similar places employing less than 10 persons where they have reason to believe that the conditions prevail- ing constitute a danger to life or lim}. Finally, we recommend that the criterion for determining the number of workers employed in such places shall be the aggregate number employed for any part of the 24 hours and not, as at present, the number employed at any given moment, i.e. “simultaneously ”, Quy attention has been directed to the fact that a number of factories employing many more than 20 persons escape the provisions of the Act by dividing the workers into shifts. Main Defects of Factories not Using Power. We now come to the consideration of rlaces where no power is used but where anv number of workers mav be employed. even as many gg

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