Report of the Royal Commission on Labour in India

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Monograph

Identifikator:: 1850495947

URN:: urn:nbn:de:zbw-retromon-233603

Document type:: Monograph

Title:: Report of the Royal Commission on Labour in India

Place of publication:: London

Publisher:: His Majesty's Stationery Off.

Year of publication:: 1931

Scope:: xviii, 580 S.; graph. Darst., Kt.

Digitisation:: 2022

Collection:: Economics Books

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Document type:: Monograph

Structure type:: Chapter

Title:: Chapter XIX. - The planatations

Collection:: Economics Books

350 CIIAPTER XIX. slimates are foreign to them. This migration, which we have noted as being of cardinal importance in industry, raises problems no less serious here, particularly in Assam. The causes which lead to this migration are essentially the same as those which we have detailed in our discussion of the factory industries, but there are at least two important points of difference. In the first place, the migration to the plantations does not involve a radical change of occupation. The plantation worker is drawn from agriculture and in agriculture, though of a different type, he remains. In the second place, whereas the factories offer employment mainly to men, the plantations are eager to secure women as well as men, and take children also. The factories ask for individuals ; the plantations want families. Plantation Crops. The most important plantation crop in India is tea ; next to it, but of much less importance, are coffee and rubber. The cultivation of cinchona is of importance for the manufacture of quinine. It is almost entirely a Government enterprise ; the cinchona plantations in Darjee- ling and in South India are owned by the Governments of Bengal and Madras respectively, while the plantations in the Mergui district in Burma were started in 1923 by the Government of India. Apart from cinchona, the total acreage of which is less than 7,000, the other planta- tion crops are of minor consequence ; pepper and cardamoms are grown in a number of coffee plantations and the latter is very occasionally grown in separate plantations. The following figures, which are taken from the statistics published by the Director General of Commercial Intelligence, show the different planting areas, with the acreage and yield of the principal crops and their average daily working strength :— Province or Area. Total area of planta- tions 000 | acres. Area under crop 000 acres. Pro. luction 000 bs. Average daily working ‘trength (Per- manent and l'emporary). Tea (1929). Assam — Surma Valley .. Assam Valley .. Total Bengal — Darjeeling . Jalpaiguri .e Chittagong “y .s Total 609 1.039 1.648 158 288 28 174 145 285 430 8] 128 6 195 73,784 185,157 258.941 23,009 1 85,427 | 1.517 109,953 156,489 400,995 557,484 65,522 125,632 5,745 196.899

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