Report of the Royal Commission on Labour in India

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Monograph

Identifikator:: 1850495947

URN:: urn:nbn:de:zbw-retromon-233603

Document type:: Monograph

Title:: Report of the Royal Commission on Labour in India

Place of publication:: London

Publisher:: His Majesty's Stationery Off.

Year of publication:: 1931

Scope:: xviii, 580 S.; graph. Darst., Kt.

Digitisation:: 2022

Collection:: Economics Books

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Document type:: Monograph

Structure type:: Chapter

Title:: Chapter XXV. - Labour and the constitution

Collection:: Economics Books

LABOUR AND THE CONSTITUTION. 469 Bach group would be in a better position to appreciate the difficulties of the others, and this appreciation should have a marked effect on indus- trial peace and development. Nor would the educative value of’ the Council be limited to the interaction of group on group, for within each group the members would gain much from each other by the exchange of ideas. All over India we found experiments the knowledge of which had not penetrated beyond their original home. A conference would provide an opportunity for the interchange of information on all such developments. Further, the pooling of the representatives’ experience and ideas would be the best contribution that could be made towards the formation of a sane and constructive policy in labour matters. The formation of sound policy depends on contact with men rather than with letters or files, on the presentation and criticism of ideas face to face, and on an intimacy with the position of others which the written word seldom conveys. Rule-making Powers. There is a third important function which could be fulfilled by a Council of this kind. In much modern legislation, it is necessary for the legislature to leave to another authority the working out of details. This power to legislate in detail is usually delegated to the executive Government, and although the growth of such delegated powers is by no means as extensive in India as in England, most labour Acts confer wide powers on the central or provincial Governments or. both. Rules made under the Factories Act and the Mines Act regulate matters of great importance to employers and labour, and the Workmen's Com- pensation Act not merely leaves most of the Commissioners’ procedure and other matters of moment to rules, but confers on the Government of India power to schedule fresh industrial diseases and even to extend the Act to fresh classes of workmen. The Trade Unions Act and the Trade Disputes Act and, indeed, all but the most unimportant Acts are completed by rules which, though usually published for criticism before final promulgation, lie solely within the authority of the executive. We consider that a Council of the kind we have been discussing would be admirably equipped to advise on the framing of rules and regulations which are intended to be of general application. So far as provincial or local rules are concerned, the need of greater uniformity has been stressed in some quarters, and on more than one occasion the Govern- ment of India have assisted provincial Governments and encouraged the adoption of common standards by preparing and circulating drafts. By advising provincial Governments, the Council should be able to further she framing of sound rules and the avoidance of variations which are not warranted by local conditions. Economic Research. The Council might also play a useful part in the co-ordination and development of economic research. The need for advance in this Jirection has already been discussed and a Council constituted on the lines suggested would be able to assist and guide efforts in the various provinces. We recognise the difficulty of finding funds for much

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