The agrarian system of Moslem India

Bibliographic data

Multivolume work

Identifikator:: 1847028748

Document type:: Multivolume work

Author:: Conrad, Johannes http://d-nb.info/gnd/118521853

Title:: Grundriss zum Studium der politischen Oekonomie

Place of publication:: Jena

Publisher:: Fischer

Year of publication:: 1896-

Collection:: Economics Books

Usage license:: Get license information via the feedback formular.

Volume

Identifikator:: 1886437130

URN:: urn:nbn:de:zbw-retromon-233012

Document type:: Volume

Author:: Hesse, Albert http://d-nb.info/gnd/13348551X

Title:: Volkswirtschaftspolitik

Volume count:: 2.1902

Place of publication:: Jena

Publisher:: Fischer

Year of publication:: 1902

Scope:: XVI, 544 S.

Digitisation:: 2022

Collection:: Economics Books

Usage license:: Get license information via the feedback formular.

Chapter

Document type:: Multivolume work

Structure type:: Chapter

Title:: Abschnitt II. Die stoffveredelnden Gewerbe

Collection:: Economics Books

242 THE AGRARIAN SYSTEM OF MOSLEM INDIA It seems to me to be quite impossible to read this passage as referring to a new assessment-system introduced after the failure of the one described in paragraph A. It tells us distinctly that certain figures had been nominally increased for the sake of appearances, a statement which cannot possibly refer to Demand-to-be-collected ; it tells us, as the Ain tells us, that the point was a heavy salary bill in a small kingdom; and it tells us also that the nominal increases made in or before the 5th year still remained in the records in the rrth year, and were used for corrupt purposes. Clearly we are not concerned here with any annual assessment of Demand; but if we follow the opening phrase, as I read it, and take the subject of the orders as the Valuation, the meaning is obvious. In the early years, the salary bill exceeded the available resources, and the Valuation in use was written up for the sake of appearances, so that officers would get Assignments yielding the sanctioned Income on paper, but not in fact; and these false entries remained in the Valuation until Akbar ordered a new one to be prepared. () Another account of the same transaction is given in the Iqbilnama (p. 213); it is clearly a paraphrase of the Akbarnama, but different wording enables us to see how the later writer understood the earlier. “In the beginning of the reign, when Bairim Khan was Chief Minister, the revenue officials, having fixed the jama of the Empire (mamalik-i mahrisa), by summary computation and estimate, [and], because of the large numbers of the army and the narrowness of the Empire, having made a pillar of snow, offered it to men as salary ” The phrase “pillar of snow” almost explains itself, but it may be illustrated from an anecdote told by Khwafi Khan (i. 735). The accountants had on one occasion prepared a long and fantastic list of recovery-demands against a certain collector: on seeing it, the Minister said, “Bring this pillar of snow into the sunshine, and recover whatever remains of it after the hot weather.” We have then a “jama of the Empire,” so in- flated that it could be described in this contemptuous phrase, offered as salary. A Demand meant to be collected could not possibly be described in these terms; and, taking the three passages together, we must conclude that jama-i wild@yat, or pargandt, or mamalik-i mahriisa, denotes the Valuation, on the basis of which Assignments were allocated. 1t follows that paraeraphs A and B are to be read as referring

Access restriction

Copyright

fullscreen: The agrarian system of Moslem India

Multivolume work

Volume

Chapter

Table of contents

Download

Monograph

This page

Image fragment

Citation links

Citation recommendation