J. v. Staudingers Kommentar zum Bürgerlichen Gesetzbuch und dem Einführungsgesetze: Recht der Schuldverhältnisse

Russian local government during the war and the Union of Zemstvos

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Identifikator:: 1896405266

Document type:: Multivolume work

Title:: J. v. Staudingers Kommentar zum Bürgerlichen Gesetzbuch und dem Einführungsgesetze

Place of publication:: München [u.a.]

Publisher:: Schweitzer

Year of publication:: 1910-1911

Collection:: Economics Books

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Identifikator:: 1896405800

URN:: urn:nbn:de:zbw-retromon-236545

Document type:: Volume

Title:: Recht der Schuldverhältnisse

Volume count:: Bd. 2

Place of publication:: München [u.a.]

Publisher:: Schweitzer

Year of publication:: 1910

Scope:: 924 S.

Digitisation:: 2022

Collection:: Economics Books

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Document type:: Multivolume work

Structure type:: Contents

Collection:: Economics Books

EDITOR'S PREFACE In the autumn of 1914, when the scientific study of the effects of war upon modern life passed suddenly from theory to history, the Division of Economics and History of the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace proposed to adjust the program of its re- searches to the new and altered problems which the War presented. The existing program, which had been prepared as the result of a conference of economists held at Berne in 1911, and which dealt with the facts then at hand, had just begun to show the quality of its contributions; but for many reasons it could no longer be fol- lowed out. A plan was therefore drawn up at the request of the Director of the Division, in which it was proposed, by means of an historical survey, to attempt to measure the economic cost of the War and the displacement which it was causing in the processes of civilization. Such an “Economic and Social History of the World War,” it was felt, if undertaken by men of judicial temper and ade- quate training, might ultimately, by reason of its scientific obliga- tions to truth, furnish data for the forming of sound public opinion, and thus contribute fundamentally toward the aims of an institution dedicated to the cause of international peace. The need for such an analysis, conceived and executed in the spirit of historical research, was increasingly obvious as the War developed, releasing complex forces of national life not only for the vast process of destruction, but also for the stimulation of new ca- pacities for production. This new economic activity, which under normal conditions of peace might have been a gain to society, and the surprising capacity exhibited by the belligerent nations for enduring long and increasing loss—often while presenting the out- ward semblance of new prosperity—made necessary a reconsidera- tion of the whole field of war economics. A double obligation was therefore placed upon the Division of Economics and History. It was obliged to concentrate its work upon the problem thus pre- sented, and to study it as a whole; in other words, to apply to it the tests and disciplines of history. Just as the War itself was a single event, though penetrating by seemingly unconnected ways to the re- motest parts of the world, so the analysis of it must be developed

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