J. v. Staudingers Kommentar zum Bürgerlichen Gesetzbuch und dem Einführungsgesetze: Recht der Schuldverhältnisse

Recht der Schuldverhältnisse (Bd. 2)

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Multivolume work

Identifikator:: 1896405266

Document type:: Multivolume work

Title:: J. v. Staudingers Kommentar zum Bürgerlichen Gesetzbuch und dem Einführungsgesetze

Place of publication:: München [u.a.]

Publisher:: Schweitzer

Year of publication:: 1910-1911

Collection:: Economics Books

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Volume

Identifikator:: 1896405800

URN:: urn:nbn:de:zbw-retromon-236545

Document type:: Volume

Title:: Recht der Schuldverhältnisse

Volume count:: Bd. 2

Place of publication:: München [u.a.]

Publisher:: Schweitzer

Year of publication:: 1910

Scope:: 924 S.

Digitisation:: 2022

Collection:: Economics Books

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Chapter

Document type:: Multivolume work

Structure type:: Chapter

Title:: Allgemeiner Teil. §§ 241 - 432 erläutert von Dr. Ludwig Kuhlenbeck

Collection:: Economics Books

THE 13tH AND l4tH CENTURIES 65 weather, and a reasonable administration, a village would continue to function; failure of crops, or oppressive ad- ministration, might send the inhabitants elsewhere; later on, the village might be repopulated, either by its former inhabitants, or by new settlers, as the case might be; and another cycle in its history would then begin. The view that productive land was waiting for men with adequate resources is fully established by the agricultural policy of those sovereigns whose pronouncements are on record; their primary object was extension of cultivation, with an immediate increment of revenue accruing from each field brought under the plough. Two methods of securing this object are indicated in addition to administrative pressure. One of these was the provision of State irrigation works, so that, in the picturesque terms borrowed from Islamic law, the “dead lands” might be brought to life; this expedient was, so far as the chronicles show, practised only by Firtiz, and it does not again become prominent until the reign of Shahjahan. The other expedient was the grant of advances, which are mentioned particularly as the foun- dation of Muhammad Tughlaq’s attempts to restore the River Country, but in terms which imply that the practice was already familiar. It is safe to infer that capital was the principal requirement for the accepted policy of de- velopment; but the records show that, in this period, as in later times, State advances were apt to be embezzled by the officials employed in their distribution, and consequently the value of the expedient was in practice limited. For the second line of development, improvement in cropping, no practical measures are indicated in the chronicles; possibly some effect was produced by a combination of advances and administrative pressure, but we are not told of any actual progress in this direction. We have merely the praiseworthy aspirations of Kings or officials; the result 1s matter for conjecture.

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