Lexikon der Handelsgeographie

Lexikon der Handelsgeographie

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Monograph

Identifikator:: 834011689

URN:: urn:nbn:de:zbw-retromon-85682

Document type:: Monograph

Author:: Jung, Karl Emil http://d-nb.info/gnd/117659711

Title:: Lexikon der Handelsgeographie

Place of publication:: Leipzig

Publisher:: Verl. des Bibliogr. Inst.

Year of publication:: 1882

Scope:: 1 Online-Ressource (IV, 563 S)

Collection:: Economics Books

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Modern Business Geography Egypt. In Egypt, the fourth cotton-growing region of the world, almost ideal conditions for cotton are found. It is true that the rainfall is very light; but better than a good rainfall is the abundant water of the Nile River, which in times of flood overflows the low lands on either side. Part of the supply is stored in reservoirs made by damming the river, and can be fed to the plants as it is needed. To make sure of plenty of water for irrigation, the great Assuan Dam was built at a cost of $125,000,000. When the land is irrigated, it receives not only water but silt, which settles out of the muddy river and enriches the soil. It is no wonder that Egypt produces twice as much cotton to the acre as the United States, and five times as much as India. Her cotton fiber is longer, silkier, and stronger than any other except sea- island cotton. Cotton growing in Egypt, however, has this serious handicap — it can be carried on only where irrigation is practicable. Minor regions. Other regions where geographical conditions so favor cotton growing that an important amount is raised are Tur- kestan, Transcaucasia, southeastern Brazil, and Peru. The meaning of primary production. Thus far we have considered, first, the conditions required for the satisfactory growth of the cotton plant and, second, the places where cotton is produced ; that is, we have been considering the primary production of cotton. The first great step in any industry is to draw upon nature to produce a com- modity. Nature is drawn upon when coal, for example, is taken from the mine, when logs are cut from the forest, when wheat plants are grown for the grains in the wheat-ear, when cattle are fed and tended so that their hides may be used for leather. All industry depends on primary production, as we find out if we trace to their origin the materials used in any of the industries. Primary pro- duction is one phase of business geography, or of commercial and industrial geography, as it is also called. TRANSPORTATION OF THE RAW COTTON The second important step, as we have seen, is to move the com- modity from where it is produced to where it is needed. Sometimes such transportation is easy, as when the farmer drives to the cream- ery near by with a few cans of milk ; sometimes it requires weeks of time and the work of many persons, as when crude rubber from the South American forests is brought to factories in North America. With cotton the problem of transportation is serious because the cotton mills, in the main, are far away from the plantations.

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