The Socialism of to-day

Bibliographic data

Monograph

Identifikator:: 835096955

URN:: urn:nbn:de:zbw-retromon-28834

Document type:: Monograph

Author:: Laveleye, Émile de

Title:: The Socialism of to-day

Place of publication:: London

Publisher:: Field & Tuer

Year of publication:: 1884

Scope:: 1 Online-Ressource (XLIV, 331 S.)

Collection:: Economics Books

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231 BAKUNIN THE APOSTLE OF NIHILISM. (3) Substitution, for the existing State, of a social organism based on the most absolute autonomy of groups and of federal com munes, with a view to the organization of the public services, the thorough cultivation of the land, the beautifying of the globe, and the happiness of all ; (4) Civil, political, and economical equality of all human beings, with out distinction of sex, colour, race, or nationality ; (5) Guarantee of individual independence by enabling each producer to possess the surplus value obtained by his labour on the raw material worked up by him ; (6) The assurance that each member of society shall receive, at the collective cost, both a general and a professional education on a level with the sum of the knowledge of his times. In the programme of the “ Federation of the Marches and of Umbria” may be found an indication of the object aimed at by the Anarchists :— “ Seeing that the emancipation of the labourer ought to be the work of the labourer himself : that, inasmuch as he does not wish to be led by any superior authority, the labourer is essentially anti-authoritarian and anarchic; that the emanci pation of the labourer has for aim equality of rights and duties and the abolition of classes; that this emancipation is impos sible with the existing organization of the State and of property ; that the destruction of the State, in all its forms, is the grand aim of the social revolution, which strives to transform society on the basis of anarchy and collectivism . . . ’’—Except for the idea of pan-destruction the rest is very vague. An anarchist, Costa, explains the matter in a letter to the Egalité of Paris (1878) : “As to doctrines, we may say that we have few of them. We are anarchists, that is all. We wish that every one should have the opportunity of making known his wants and the means of satisfying them ; in a word, that every one should be able to do as he likes.'’ Nothing, in truth, is more desirable than this universal liberty; but how to realize it? Destroy everything—that is the sole practical plan suggested. These extracts suffice to show that the programme of militant Socialism in Italy is, at bottom, no other than that of Bakunin. The same is the case in Spain. The history of the International in Spain is as tragic as it is instructive. Although there are few working men engaged

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