Cost of living in German towns

Bibliographic data

Monograph

Identifikator:: 866449027

URN:: urn:nbn:de:zbw-retromon-93831

Document type:: Monograph

Title:: Cost of living in German towns

Place of publication:: London

Publisher:: Stat. Off.

Year of publication:: 1908

Scope:: 1 Online-Ressource (LXI, 548 Seiten)

Collection:: Economics Books

Usage license:: Get license information via the feedback formular.

AACHEN. • 41 further east. The Roman Catholic organisations are the strongest, but no prominence is given to the militant aspect of trade unionism. Here as in the French districts adjoining Belgium on the west, the unskilled Belgian workman offers considerable competition in the labour market, and it is held that his willingness to accept low wages is prejudicial to the native workers. As a rule the Belgians live in villages within a few miles of the frontier, and do not settle in Aachen. Many Dutch workmen are also engaged in the building trades. Occupations, Wages and Hours of Labour. The textile industry is the principal source of employment at Aachen, and in its various branches about a third of the entire manual working classes are engaged. At the beginning of the year 1906 the industrial and trade sickness insurance funds had 41,563 contributing members, and of these 13,393 were engaged in the textile industry, chiefly in the many cloth manu factories for which Aachen is famous. The manufacture of needles is also one of Aachen’s staple industries, and employs several thousands of persons, a far larger majority being here males than in the case of the textile industry. Other important occupations are the machine and card-making industries, while, smaller numbers of workpeople are engaged in the chemical, soap, and tobacco manu factures, the last employing women almost exclusively. At a short distance from the town are the iron and steel works of the Rothe Erde Company. A considerable proportion of the women who work in the cloth mills are married ; of a total of 5,383 female workers in the cloth industry, on December 31, 1902, 1,198, or 22'2 per cent, were married. The following is a classification of the industrial workpeople employed in 1905 in the district of the Aachen Factory Inspector, which includes, besides the town itself, the adjacent villages of Eupen, Malmedy and Montjoie, though about four-fifths of the workpeople belong to Aachen :— Groups of Trades. N urn her of Establish ments. Metal-working Machine, implement, and apparatus making. Textile Clothing and cleaning Printing, lithography, bookbind ing, &c. Paper Woodworking and carving Chemicals ... « ••* Begins, varnishes, oil, soap, candles, &c. Stone and earth Food, drink, and tobacco ... Leather ... ... ••• ••• Miscellaneous Total 95 68 211 248 23 10 57 8 22 52 •251 65 4 1,114 Number of Workpeople. Males over 16 years. Females I Juveniles, | Children over 16 14 to 16 under 14 years. years. ¡ years. 2,967 3,196 8,788 117 341 569 712 96 296 784 750 654 23 19,293 1,543 83 6,898 786 79 225 74 18 43 19 1,562 7 11,337 869 230 1,082 238 84 101 58 6 8 56 261 16 2 3,014 27 Total. 5,383 3,512 16,776 1,143 505 899 844 120 347 859 2,581 677 25 33,6,1 Of 33,671 industrial workpeople of all ages, 20,868, or 62 per cent., were males. Of a total of 12.803 female workers, 7,215, or 56'3 per cent., were over the ao-e of 21 years ; of the remainder, 4,122, or 32*2 per cent., were between 16 and 21 years ; 1,454, or 11*3 per cent., were between 14 and 16 years ; and 12 were under 14 years. Only 27 children under 14 years were engaged in industrial occupations, and 8 of these were employed in the textile factories. The hours of labour are generally 10 per day, or 57 to 60 per week. In the cloth industry the usual division of the day is as follows :—7 to 8 ; pause to 8.15 ; 8.15 to 12 ; pause till 1.30 ; 1.30 to 4 ; pause till 4.15 ; 4.15 to 7. On Monday morning work begins at 8, and on Saturday it ends at 5.30. Several mills work one or two hours less, but others work from 64 to 68 hours. In the iron and metal trades a 10 hours day is also fairly general. Although virtually F 29088

Access restriction

Copyright

fullscreen: Cost of living in German towns

Monograph

Table of contents

Download

Monograph

This page

Image fragment

Citation links

Citation recommendation