Cost of living in German towns

Bibliographic data

Monograph

Identifikator:: 866449027

URN:: urn:nbn:de:zbw-retromon-93831

Document type:: Monograph

Title:: Cost of living in German towns

Place of publication:: London

Publisher:: Stat. Off.

Year of publication:: 1908

Scope:: 1 Online-Ressource (LXI, 548 Seiten)

Collection:: Economics Books

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BREMEN. 97 Occupations, Wages, and Hours of Labour. The principal industry on the Weser is shipbuilding, but this industry is less carried on nowadays at Bremen than at Bremerhaven and Geestemünde, nearer the sea. At Bremerhaven are the large shipbuilding yards of the Seebeck and Rickmers companies, at Geestemünde is that of the firm of Tecklenborg, while nearer Bremen are the Weser yard at Gröpelingen and the Vulcan yard at Vegesack. These firms employ together more than six thousand men, and the industry is steadily growing, insomuch that several companies stated early in 1907 that they could not procure sufficient skilled labour. On the other hand it is alleged that the progress of the industry is hindered by the frequency of labour disputes. Shipbuilding belongs to Germany’s younger industries ; on the Weser it can hardly be said to have got upon its feet as yet, and employers complain that their workmen have not “ lived into ” the industry, and that their restlessness discourages enterprise. Next in importance to shipbuilding are the engineering works, of which there are many, both large and small. Corn and rice milling employs many hundreds of workpeople, and one of the largest industrial concerns in the district is the wool combing factory at Blumenthal, with over 1,200 employees. The following statement shows the number of establishments ranking as “factories” in the Free State area, and the number of their workpeople in the principal industries, in 1906. As showing the industrial development of Bremen, Bremerhaven, and Vegesack during recent years, it may be stated that while at the close of 1879 there were 169 industrial undertakings, with 5,800 workpeople of both sexes, subject to inspection, there were 898 such undertakings employing 16,562 workpeople in 1899, and 1,007 undertakings with 23,939 workpeople in 1905. In 1906 1,127 establishments employing 26,173 workpeople (20,596 adult males, 4,386 adult females, and 1,191 juveniles), were subject to inspection in the State area. The principal industries were :— Groups of Trades. Number of Establish ments. Number of Workpeople. Males over 16 years. Females over 16 years. JuvenTes 14 to 16 years. Children under 14 years. Total. Metal working Machine, implement, and appa ratus making. Textiles ... ... ... ... Clothing and cleaning Printing, lithography, bookbind ing, &c. Woodworking and carving Resins, varnishes, oil, soap, candles, &c. Stone and earth ... ... .. Food, drink, and tobacco Miscellaneous T otal ... ... ... 74 61 17 305 67 131 21 18 380 53 1,127 2,681 8,587 671 249 888 2,269 1,390 554 2,727 580 13 9 1,329 1,749 346 289 69 7 486 89 20,596 4,386 195 354 92 167 112 143 5 13 56 53 1,190 2,889 8,950 2,093 2,165 1,346 2,701 1,464 574 3,269 722 26,173 Bremen has a large number of seasonal labourers who come in the spring or early summer, and disappear towards the end of the year. Among them are brick makers, bricklayers and painters, herring fishers, and many unskilled labourers, the last named coming from the East of Prussia and dividing themselves between agriculture and outdoor labour in the streets, docks, and factories. It is this class of unsettled workers which swells the number of Bremen’s lodger population. The working classes of Bremen are well organised, and this fact no doubt explains the pertinacity with which the labour associations are pressing on the employers the conclusion of wages agreements. Already most of the building trades are embraced by these agreements, and the movement also applies to some extent to industries which rank as. factory and workshop industries within the meaning of the Imperial Industrial Code. In 1905, no less than 11*1 per cent, of all the “ industrial ” workpeople of Bremen, as 290* i N

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