Cost of living in German towns

Bibliographic data

Monograph

Identifikator:: 866449027

URN:: urn:nbn:de:zbw-retromon-93831

Document type:: Monograph

Title:: Cost of living in German towns

Place of publication:: London

Publisher:: Stat. Off.

Year of publication:: 1908

Scope:: 1 Online-Ressource (LXI, 548 Seiten)

Collection:: Economics Books

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BRUNSWICK. 127 The extent of the municipal area in 1905 was 3,366 acres, and the density of population was 40 persons per acre. The vitality statistics of Brunswick at the present time compare favourably with those of other German towns. The following Table gives the more important of these statistics :— Year. Birth-rate per 1,000 of Population. Death-rate per 1,000 of Population. Infantile Mortality Rate per 1,000 births. 1879 1880 1885 1890 1895 1900 1901 1902 1903 1904 1905 38-1 370 346 353 333 313 315 300 29-0 27 5 252 28 4 25 6 23 6 24-0 21-4 19 5 19-3 16-8 19 3 17-8 17-6 231 240 222 215 229 216 209 147 206 187 205 It will be seen that there has during the last 26 years been a steady fall in the death-rate, which in 1879 was 10'8 per 1,000 more than in 1905. This improvement has been brought about by the efforts made on the part of the municipal authorities and also of the Society for the Promotion of Public Health—an organisation supported by voluntary contributions—in founding various institutions on behalf of children and sick persons, and in general in seeking to apply hygienic principles to the social life of the town. In this connection may be mentioned the four milk stations conducted by this society, which supply milk in bottles specially for infants and young children. The average amount sold daily in 1905 was 1,592 quarts. Creches, kindergarten schools, and a special school for children of defective mental capacity have been established, and shower-baths have been placed in the public elementary schools. Children whose homes are found to be detrimental to their physical and moral welfare are placed in an institution which at present has accommodation for 200 such cases, During the summer holidays poor children whose health needs recruiting are taken daily into the neighbouring forests, and during the summer of 1905 over 400 children took part in these excursions. School doctors have also been appointed in connection with the elementary schools, and the Public Health Society already named sends batches of the more delicate children to the seaside in summer. A “ People’s Kitchen ” also provides wholesome food at a low price. Occupations, Wages, and Hours of Labour. The industrial activity of Brunswick is very varied in character, and consequently offers considerable choice of occupations both to men and women. The trades employing the largest number of men are those connected with the manufacture of machinery and mechanical apparatus of various kinds, including sewing machines and machinery required in sugar factories, in mines, and in the canning industry. The manufacture of motor omnibuses and gasometers is also an important branch of industry. One large firm employing over 700 hands is engaged in making railway signals which are used on various continental lines. Altogether more than 8,000 workers are employed in 73 establishments engaged m the metal and machine industry. The canning of vegetables, asparagus, peas, beans,' &c., is an industry which is carried on not only in the town but throughout the whole State, which possesses altogether for this purpose 50 establishments with 3,174 employees, about half the total number of workers in this industry in the whole of Germany. In the town of Brunswick itself there are 26 concerns in which over 2,500 men and Women are engaged. This industry is carried on during the months from May to October, commencing as soon as the asparagus is ready for cutting. During the Remainder of the year very few men are retained, for the purpose of executing repairs and making the necessary preparations for the following season. The

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