Cost of living in German towns

Bibliographic data

Monograph

Identifikator:: 866449027

URN:: urn:nbn:de:zbw-retromon-93831

Document type:: Monograph

Title:: Cost of living in German towns

Place of publication:: London

Publisher:: Stat. Off.

Year of publication:: 1908

Scope:: 1 Online-Ressource (LXI, 548 Seiten)

Collection:: Economics Books

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152 CREFELD. Inspector for 1906, which is confined to workers engaged in undertakings subject to inspection, and is as follows :— Group of Trades. Number of Establishments. Number of Workpeople. Male. Female. Total. Huildm^ ... ... ... ... ... Metal-working ... Machine, implement and apparatus making. Textiles ... Clothing and cleaning Printing, lithography, bookbinding, &c Paper ... ... ... ... Wood-working and carving Chemicals Resins, varnishes, oil, soap, candles, &c. Stone and earth ... Food, drink and tobacco Leather ... ... ... ... ... Total ... ... ... 189 70 80 200 241 44 24 80 13 13 17 300 6 402 975 1,987 8,060 365 609 315 565 240 183 224 679 85 73 62 5,391 1,007 304 123 87 31 28 1 105 402 1.048 2.049 13,451 1,372 913 438 652 271 211 225 784 85 1,277 14,689 7,212 21,901 The textile trades will be seen to employ 6T4 per cent, of all the work people here enumerated, while of these textile workers 60 per cent, were males. Reference has already been made to the fact that during the decade 1880 to 1890 there was in the silk industry a transition from domestic industry to the factory system, resulting from the substitution of machinery for hand weaving.* This substitution is not yet quite complete, and in fact for some special branches (such as the weaving of special art-fabrics, g.y., for churches and ecclesiastical vestments) it cannot well be made. The following Table ives the numbers of hand-loom weavers in the various local Sickness Insurance dices in 1904 :— Area. Men. Women. Total. Whole Lower-Rhine Industrial District Of these :— (1) In Crefeld Town (2) In Crefeld Rural District ... 2,825 347 223 993 167 112 3,818 514 335 There are others not included in this return, and the total number of hand-loom weavers in the Lower Rhenish district has been estimated at 4,500. They are engaged in ordinary home industry, ou waistcoat stuffs, in the weaving of the art-fabrics already mentioned, and in the preparation of patterns in the factories. The weavers engaged in the last two of these occupations are a specially skilled class ; the others are either women with whom weaving is often a subsidiary employment, or elderly men who have been unable^ or disinclined, to adapt themselves to the new conditions. With these exceptions weaving in Crefeld itself has become entirely a factory occupation, carried on with machinery. The appended Tables give the number of factories, and the employees classified according to sex, and in the case of women according to age, in the three districts which make up the silk industry area ; the division is into the two great branches, silk stuff and ribbon weaving, and silk velvet and velvet-ribbon weaving. The figures include all occupations, and not merely weaving ; the men, however, are mainly engaged in the last branch :— * Use has been made in this report of Dr. Heinrich Brauns’ “ Der Uebergang von der Handweberei zum Fabrikbetrieb in der Niederrheinischen Samt- und Seiden industrie ” (1906).

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