Cost of living in German towns

Bibliographic data

Monograph

Identifikator:: 866449027

URN:: urn:nbn:de:zbw-retromon-93831

Document type:: Monograph

Title:: Cost of living in German towns

Place of publication:: London

Publisher:: Stat. Off.

Year of publication:: 1908

Scope:: 1 Online-Ressource (LXI, 548 Seiten)

Collection:: Economics Books

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234 ESSEN. insanitary confusion. They are frequently occupied by small tradespeople, who have their shops on the ground floor and live above them. There are also a number of small quiet streets (“ Gässchen ’’) with houses of the same type but much better maintained, (b) The area, very much greater in extent, of new streets ; some of these have large and good shops, others have long lines of working-class houses, whilst others are given over to better class residences. These streets are always broad and well-made, and the sanitary conditions are good, (c) The “ colony ” areas, with workmen’s colonies of various kinds and various degrees of merit—the elaborate colonies built by the Krupp firm, the much simpler buildings erected by the colliery owners, and the new erections of the Building Society. The whole of the municipal area is undermined by various coal works, and the former lack of care in the making of the mines has caused subsidences in a number of places, and these, combined with the natural slope of the ground on which the old town is built, give the central districts a very uneven appearance. The town possesses its own waterworks, gas-works, and a slaughter-house ; it has public baths, a small library, and a municipal theatre which was founded by a private benefaction ; and there is a town park. The tramway service is in the hands of a private company, as the municipal authorities recently decided not to purchase. The town has ^ fine new municipal hall, and a few old buildings, including one church (the Münster-kirche) of great antiquity. There is the usual municipal savings bank, with 52,768 depositors in 1905, and deposits of £2,941,616, and the municipality carries on a. pawn shop, a labour bureau, and a house agency, which let 1,058 dwellings during the year 1904-5. There are no public market-halls, but the markets are held in the old squares in the centre of the town almost every diy. It should also be noticed that the Association for Mining interests (a great mine-owners’ union) has its headquarters at Essen, that there is a very active Chamber of Commerce, and that the offices of the local rail way direction are also in the town. Occupations, Wages, and Hours of Labour. The following is the classification of the industrial workpeople of Essen alone those under factory inspection) in 1906 :— Group of Trades. Number of Establish ments. Number of Workpeople. Building Mining and smelting Metal working ... Machine, implement and apparatus making textiles ... ... ... ... Clothing and cleaning Printing, lithography, bookbinding, etc. Paper ... ... ... ... ... Woodworking and carving ... Chemicals Resins, varnishes, oil, soap, candles, etc. Stone and earth Food, drink and tobacco Leather ... ... .. ... ... Other ... ... ... ... ... Total 121 19 79 104 6 203 29 3 59 7 6 58 280 5 1 985 Male. 2,272 6,746 5,381 20,910 40 179 947 6 1,125 453 659 1,592 1,089 141 1,091 Female. Total. 8 37 1,100 149 25 36 13 60 1 42,631 1,429 2,272 6,746 5,381 20,918 77 1,279 1,096 31 1,161 453 659 1,605 1,149 142 1,091 44,060 * It is evident at once from this Table that the various iron and steel industries and coal-mining have an overwhelming predominance among the occupations of the town, and so far as the former group is concerned the great Krupp firm is supreme. The principal productions of the Krupp firm at its Essen works are war material (including cannon and all their accessories, ammunition, rifle barrels, and armour), railway, shipbuilding, and engineering materials of all kinds, sheet

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