Cost of living in German towns

Bibliographic data

Monograph

Identifikator:: 866449027

URN:: urn:nbn:de:zbw-retromon-93831

Document type:: Monograph

Title:: Cost of living in German towns

Place of publication:: London

Publisher:: Stat. Off.

Year of publication:: 1908

Scope:: 1 Online-Ressource (LXI, 548 Seiten)

Collection:: Economics Books

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327 MANNHEIM. Mannheim is politically the second capital of the Grand Duchy of Baden ; but, alike in population, wealth, and industrial importance, it claims primacy over its rival Karlsruhe. It is situated conveniently for commerce at the junction of the Rhine and Neckar, and has for neighbour Ludwigshafen, which, lies in the Bavarian Palatinate, just across the former river, here spanned by a noble bridge. Mannheim’s population in 1905 was 163,708, against 141,131 in 1900, showing an increase of 16 per cent, in the five years, against an increase of 55 per cent, in the preceding quinquennium. Between 1895 and 1900, however, the population was carried forward on a wave of industrial prosperity unique in the town’s annals, and after 1900 a reaction set in, which only ceased towards the close of 1904. Moreover, the incorporation of the suburbs of Waldhof, Käferthal, and Neckarau, composing New Mannheim, contributed largely to the town’s growth in the earlier period. Of an increase of 50,012 in the population between 1895 and 1900, 14,283 came through incorporation, 12,328 through excess of births over deaths, and 23,401 through immigration. The population of the old town increased 16 14 per cent, during 1900-5, and that of the new suburbs, which are industrial in character, only 13*07 per cent. Since 1871 the old town has more than trebled in population. The following Table shows the increase of population during various inter-censal periods, with the causes of increase. The vital statistics of the town are not unfavourable. The birth-rate in 1905 was 38*7 per 1,000, comparing with 33*1 for the whole of Baden and 33*0 for the Empire. The marriages in 1905 were 10*37 per 1,000 and in 1901 10*99, against 8*1 per 1,000 for Baden in general and 8*1 for the Empire in 1905. The death-rate was 19*0 per 1,000 in 1905 and 20*6 in 1904, comparing with 19*0 per 1,000 for the whole of Baden and 19*8 for the Empire in 1905. The illegitimate births in 1905 were 9*9 per cent, of all the births ; the infant mortality was 218 per thousand births, against 233 per thousand on the average of the preceding five years. During the past decade there has been a gradual diminution in the general mortality rate, as sanitation and social conditions have improved, but the progress made is more perceptible when the survey covers a longer period. During the first half of the 19th century the deaths exceeded the births ; the rate was as high as 45 per 1,000 in the twenties, and 28 and 29 per 1,000 from 1830 to 1840 ; even in 1870 it was 24 per 1,000. Since then the town has been greatly improved, and many salutary regulations safeguarding the health of the inhabitants and their homes have been introduced, with the result that the natural increase of the population is greater than ever before. Increase owing to Census Year. Population. Inter-censal Increase. Natural growth. Immigration. 1871 1875 6,847 7,012 7,808 17,785 2,479 3,664 3,649 4,724 4,368 3,348 4,159 13,061 1880 53,465 61,273 79,058 1885 1890 1895 12,061 7,337 4,724 1900 1905 141,131 163,708 12,328 15,362 23,401 7,215 * Added owing to the extension of the municipal boundaries.

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