Cost of living in German towns

Bibliographic data

Monograph

Identifikator:: 866449027

URN:: urn:nbn:de:zbw-retromon-93831

Document type:: Monograph

Title:: Cost of living in German towns

Place of publication:: London

Publisher:: Stat. Off.

Year of publication:: 1908

Scope:: 1 Online-Ressource (LXI, 548 Seiten)

Collection:: Economics Books

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MÜLHAUSEN. 353 50 years. The daily duration of work was 13 hours in 1855, 1860, and 1865, and 11 hours in 1870 and later years : — Year. Hours of Work Daily. Spinners (Male Adults). Piecers (Male Adults). Rovers (Male Juveniles). Spoolers (Female Adults). Dressers (Male Adults). Weavers (Male Adults).* Weavers (Female Adults). Labourers (Males). 1855 . 1860 . 1865 . 1870 . 1875 . 1880. 1885 . 1890. 1895 . 1900 . 1905 . 13 J3 13 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 s. d. 15 0 16 0 16 0 18 0 19 0 19 0 20 0 24 0 26 0 27 3 30 0 s. d. 11 0 11 6 11 6 12 6 13 0 13 0 14 0 15 0 18 0 18 10 20 9 d. 8 O' 8 0 9 0 9 6 9 6 11 0 13 0 16 0 16 9 18 5 s. d. 6 0 6 6 7 0 8 0 10 0 11 0 11 0 12 0 13 6 14 1 15 6 s. d. 13 0 13 0 14 0 16 0 17 0 18 0 19 0 21 0 24 0 25 2 27 8 s. d. 9 0 9 6 11 0 12 6 14 0 14 6 15 0 17 0 18 0 18 10 20 8 s. d. 7 0 7 6 8 0 9 0 10 0 10 6 11 0 13 0 14 0 14 8 16 1 s. d. 8 0 8 0 8 0 9 6 10 0 12 0 12 0 13 0 14 0 14 8 16 1 * Three-loom weavers began to be numerous from 1898 forward, and four-loom weavers from 1900. Wages in the engineering trade do not compare favourably with those prevailing in the North of Germany, and the trade union officials maintain that nowhere in the wdioie country are they so low as in Alsace, and especially in the small towns, where mechanics earn as little as 16s. and 17s. per week. In Mülhausen the range for skilled men is from 19s. 2d. to 80s. in exceptional cases, while unskilled labourers earn from 17s. to 18s. 6d. It has been possible to obtain from an engineering firm of repute partial rates for this trade also, going back many years, and though they do not afford a basis for any comprehensive comparison they nevertheless illustrate in a striking manner the movement of wages and hours in important branches of the trade. For example, the wages of locomotive fitters in 1862 were 2s. 11 d. per day, and the hours of labour were 71 weekly, figures which in the same works compare with 4s. 2d. and 59| hours to-day. Foremen on locomotive building received in 1862 5s. 7d. per day, where the rate is now 9s. 2d. In 1867 the average daily wage for the whole of the works concerned was 2s. 5d., the number of hours weekly being still 71 ; in 1870 the average, similarly reckoned, was 2s. 6if. per day ; in 1875 the average was 3s., the number of hours being 65 weekly ; in 1880 the average was 3s., the hours being 63 ; in 1885 the average was 2s. 1 Id., the hours being as before ; and in 1890 the average was the same. Further, the wages of turners have increased since 1877 from 2s. 9d. to 3s. 10d. per day ; the wages of fitters from 3s. Id. to 4s. 1 if., and the wages of labourers from 2s. 6d. to 3s. I if. per day. The following comparison of average daily wages covers a period of 10 years :— Occupation. Fitters Turners Smiths Pattern-makers Labourers 1895. s. d. 3 5 3 10 3 10 3 11 2 10 1900. s. d. 3 5 3 10 3 8 3 7 2 10 1905. s. d. 4 1 3 10 3 11 3 11 3 1 Wages in the building trade are fixed by agreement with every individual employer, as general “tariffs” do not exist, The range is from 21s. Id, to 33s. 7if., though most rates fall within the range 24s. to 25s., while masons’ labourers eariT 18s. to 21s. In the municipal service bricklayers and masons receive 27s., stone-cutters 36s., carpenters and joiners 25s. 2d., painters 27s., and labourers 19s. 2d. It is usual for a contractor to take in hand all the works in the construction of buildings, save painting, plumbing, and stucco work, which he sublets. • 2 Y 29088

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