Volkswirtschaftliches Lesebuch für Kaufleute

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Monograph

Identifikator:: 879457236

URN:: urn:nbn:de:zbw-retromon-16989

Document type:: Monograph

Title:: Volkswirtschaftliches Lesebuch für Kaufleute

Place of publication:: Frankfurt a. O.

Publisher:: Verlag der Waldow'schen Buch- und Kunsthandlung (R. Wengler)

Year of publication:: 1905

Scope:: 1 Online-Ressource (XV, 514 Seiten)

Digitisation:: 2017

Collection:: Economics Books

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Chapter

Document type:: Monograph

Structure type:: Chapter

Title:: Zweiter Teil. — Handel

Collection:: Economics Books

MIGRATION AND BUSINESS CYCLES races over the period from 1899 to 1914 (years ending June 30). The left-hand section of Chart 38 portrays the fluctuations in the annual totals of immigration for the leading races of eastern and southern Europe; the right-hand section, for the races of nor- thern and western Europe. The relative percentage decline of two series in any selected year may be approximated by comparing the vertical changes in the corresponding curves’ with the aid of the scales of percentage change to the right of the chart. Of these two groups, the restraining effect of the depression conditions of 1904, 1908, and 1911, is more evident in the immigra- tion of the races of eastern and southern Europe. There are excep- tions, of course, to this generalization if attention is given to the separate races. For example, the immigration of North Italians and of Greeks declined but slightly in 1904 and 1911, and the immigration of Russians and Hebrews not at all. Every race shows a decline in 1908 but the French, which comes largely from Canada rather than from Europe, and the Russian, which declined sharply in 1909. In 1913 the immigration of every one of the selected races increased, this increase being particularly marked for the Russian, Polish, Lithuanian, Croatian, and both the North and South Italian. Emigration. The study of emigration by races, although it does not add greatly to the results obtained by the study of immigration by races, or to the study by countries, which appear earlier in this chapter, does provide some additional significant contrasts in a few cases where an important racial group forms but a fraction of the total emigration of a country or, on the other hand, is an important element in that of two or more countries. In the pre-war period, when economic forces had relatively free play so far as their effect on migration is concerned, the most obvious response to industrial conditions in the United States is shown by the group in the central section of Chart 39—Russian, Polish, and South Italian. Particularly is the decline in 1909 and 1910 relatively pronounced for these races. On the other hand, the emigration of the Hebrew, North Italian, and German races affords relatively little susceptibility to the ups and downs in industrial conditions in the United States. 168

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