The Industrial Revolution

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Monograph

Identifikator:: 895603128

URN:: urn:nbn:de:zbw-retromon-10120

Document type:: Monograph

Author:: Merck, Klemens http://d-nb.info/gnd/1064962637

Title:: Merck's Warenlexikon für Handel, Industrie und Gewerbe

Edition:: Sechste, völlig neu bearbeitete Auflage

Place of publication:: Leipzig

Publisher:: G.A. Gloeckner, Verlag für Handelswissenschaft

Year of publication:: 1919

Scope:: 1 Online-Ressource (IV, 555 Seiten)

Digitisation:: 2017

Collection:: Economics Books

Usage license:: Get license information via the feedback formular.

Chapter

Document type:: Monograph

Structure type:: Chapter

Title:: G

Collection:: Economics Books

A.D. 1689 —1776, by admit- tang Portu- quese wines om special terms. 160 PARLIAMENTARY COLBERTISM the Queen of England “if the woollen cloths, and the rest of the woollen manufactures of Britain, might be admitted into Portugal, the prohibition of them being taken off’.” He was able to carry this point: on the other hand, he conceded to the Portuguese that their wines should always be admitted into England at two-thirds of the duty paid on French wines. This treaty had some curious minor results; through its operation the culture of the vine was somewhat extended in Portugal?; and the wines thus introduced into England supplanted Burgundy? on the tables of those who adapted their consumption to the supposed advantage of the realm. The man who drank his bottle of port could feel that he was Jealing with people who were large customers for English sloth, and indirectly facilitating the employment of the poor at home. The extent to which Portugal took off our manu- factures, and thus encouraged industry in this country, appeared to be measured by the vast amount of Brazilian } Chalmers, Collection of Treaties, 11. 304 (27 Dec. 1703). In his adverse criticism of this treaty Adam Smith (Wealth of Nations, 1v. ¢. 6, p. 224) does not ake sufficient account of the circumstances under which the agreement was made. Englishmen, who were bargaining for liberty to trade at all, could hardly hope to obtain exclusive or preferential privileges at a single stroke. According to the statement in the British Merchant (111. 89) the cloth manufacture in Portugal was sntirely ruined when the market was opened to British goods. The subsequent revival of the manufacture by the Marquis of Pombal rendered the arrangement wugatory, so far as English manufacturing interests were concerned. Leone Levi. History of British Commerce, 29. 2 The Portuguese appear to have been very anxious to maintain their special advantage over France in the English market. Parl. Hist. v1. 792. 8 Stanhope, History of England, comprising the Reign of Queen Anne, 112. The taste of wine drinkers in America was affected by similar considerations. Madeira wine, not being an European commodity, could be imported directly into America and the West Indies; these countries enjoyed a free trade to the island »f Madeira, in all the non-enumerated commodities. ‘These circumstances had probably introduced that general taste for Madeira wine which our officers found astablished in all our colonies at the commencement of the war which began in 1755, and which they brought back with them to their mother country, where that wine had not been much in fashion before. Upon the conclusion of that war, in 1763 (by the 4th Geo. IIL. c. 15, § 12), all the duties, except £3. 10s., were allowed ;0 be drawn back upon the exportation to the colonies of all wines except French wines, to the commerce and consumption of which national prejudice would allow a0 sort of encouragement’ (Adam Smith, Wealth of Nations, Book 1v. c. 4, p. 204). The long-established taste for French wines which had been developed ander the natural trading connections of these countries for centuries was not aasily suppressed, and there seems to have been a great deal of illicit trade in ‘hia article.

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