1080 PONTIFICIAE ACADEMIAE SCIENTIARVM SCRIPTA VARTA - 28 
tries with surplus labour, and may increase costs of production 
so much as to have serious adverse effects on exports. The 
most important thing is to establish a definite link between 
remuneration and output in the case of all types of work of 
which the volume and quality can be estimated even roughly. 
[t is necessary to recognise that trade union movements can 
gain in real strength only on the basis of increasing pro- 
ductivity. 
8. NATIONAL LEADERSHIP 
8.1. The transfer of modern technology from the advanced 
countries also calls for much adaptation to suit the needs and 
local conditions of underdeveloped regions. To profit by the 
experience of the advanced countries and yet to introduce 
modern technology and modern social and political institutions 
in a way suitable to the particular stage of development of the 
country is a matter of crucial importance in the process of 
modernisation. Ultimately, success would depend on the growth 
of a rational outlook and the experimental attitude of mind, 
first, among the leadership at all levels and then gradually 
among the general mass of the people. 
8.2. It is extremely important that advanced countries 
should help and encourage in every way all progressive groups 
within the country in promoting the process of modernization 
and refrain from offering technical or economic aid in any way 
which would hamper the social and scientific transformation. 
(14) Mahalanobis I - rag. I2