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EMPLOYMENT  PSYCHOLOGY

trained  help  can  be  drawn  and  into  which  surplus  material
can  be  withdrawn.
Third,  such  a  school  can  serve  as  a  center  in  which  the
various  forms  and  practices  obtaining  in  different  departments ­
  and  offices  will  rub  elbows  and  tend,  in  consequence,
to  become  more  uniform  and  consistent.  Very  frequently
it  is  found  that  different  parts  of  an  organization  have
quite  different  methods  of  handling  the  same  kinds  of
work.  Manifestly,  not  each  of  them  is  correct;  neither
is  it  possible  to  send  out  pupils  trained  in  all  of  the  idiosyncrasies ­
  of  the  various  departments.  The  work  of  the
school  therefore  may  be  a  constant  source  of  standardization ­
  and  improvement  in  methods.

THE  FACTORY  VESTIBULE  SCHOOL
In  general,  the  same  principles  which  apply  to  the  office
vestibule  school  apply  to  the  factory  or  shop  vestibule
school.  The  purpose  of  each  is,  first,  to  discover  so  far
as  possible  those  moral  qualities  and  those  special  abilities
which  can  not  be  fully  determined  by  the  initial  tests;
second,  to  train  new  employees  under  controlled  conditions ­
  in  order  to  enable  them  to  succeed  most  quickly  at
a  given  task;  third,  to  discover  the  work  which  is  best
fitted  to  their  particular  abilities  and  dispositions.  However, ­
  the  shop  vestibule  school  may  be  conducted  in  two
ways.  First,  it  may  be  conducted  as  a  centralized  school;
that  is,  a  school  which  is  equipped  with  typical  machines
and  in  which  typical  operations  are  taught  in  a  central
place.  Second,  it  may  be  conducted  as  a  decentralized
school.  Instead  of  having  representative  machines  and
operations  grouped  in  one  place,  a  certain  part  of  the  physical ­
  equipment  of  each  individual  shop  can  be  set  apart