2 
The following’ tabular statement classifies the schemes accord 
ing to the date of adoption, and shows the extent to which schemes 
started at various periods have survived. 
Date of Starting. 
Total N umber 
of Schemes. 
Schemes 
abandoned. 
Schemes still 
existing. 
Schemes as 
to which no 
recent 
particulars 
are available. 
Up to 1870 
20 
17 
3 
1871-1880 
18 
12 
6 
— 
1881-1890 
84 
63 
20 
i 
1891-1900 
82 
58 
23 
i 
1901-1905 
27 
7 
19 
i 
1906-1910 
55 
G 
49 
— 
1911-1912 (seven 
months). 
13 
" 
13 
Total 
299 
163 
133 
3 
It will be seen that 81 out of the 133 surviving schemes were 
started since 1900, and G2 since 1905. 
The number of workers under existing schemes who were 
entitled to share in profits at the end of 1911 (or in 1912, in the 
case of schemes started since 1911) was 57‘3 per cent, of the total 
number of workers in the firms where those schemes were in 
force. The average “ bonus,” or share in profits, in 1911 repre 
sented an addition to the wages of participants of 5'5 per cent, 
in the case of those firms who furnished particulars to the 
Department ; this was also the average for the whole period 1901 - 
1911. 
There is a great diversity in the schemes as regards the form 
of bonus to workers. In about three-fifths of the schemes the 
bonus is paid in cash; this is especially the case with the older 
schemes. In a certain number of schemes the whole of the bonus 
is paid to a provident fund, or it is partly paid in cash and the 
remainder paid to a provident fund. A more common type of 
scheme, however, is that in which the whole or part of the bonus 
is retained for investment in the capital of the undertaking, the 
other part (where all is not so invested) being paid out in cash 
or retained on deposit with the employers for provident purposes. 
This capitalising of the bomis may perhaps be regarded as the 
characteristic feature of the more recent profit-sharing schemes, 
and is invariably found in the large and important group of gas 
works. Many industrial undertakings are, however, not capable 
of absorbing annual additions to capital, and success is in some 
cases only attained by keeping the capital account as low as 
possible.