72
THE IMMIGRATION PROBLEM
as Fall River, Lowell, and New Bedford, Massachu
setts; Manchester, New Hampshire; Providence,
Rhode Island; and Paterson, New Jersey; cities in
which other industries are located, such as paper manu
facturing in Holyoke and boot and shoe factories in
Haverhill and Lynn, Massachusetts; hardware, cut
lery and jewelry, located in New Britain and Meriden,
Connecticut; or leather finishing and currying, as in
Wilmington, Delaware; clothing manufacturing, as
in Rochester; collars and cuffs in Troy; hosiery and
knit goods in Cohoes and Utica, New York; oil-re
fining in Bayonne, New Jersey; or cities engaged in
diversified manufacturing, as Passaic and Newark,
New Jersey,—all these have colonies or sections popu
lated by recent immigrants.
The same condition of affairs is found in the iron
and steel, glass, and other older manufacturing cities
and towns of New York, Pennsylvania and the Mid
dle West. As representative types of this class in
connection with the manufacture of glass, Tarentum,
Pennsylvania; Morgantown, West Virginia; Steuben
ville and Rossford, Ohio, may be mentioned; and as
typical iron and steel localities, Steelton and Johns
town, Pennsylvania; Youngstown, Ohio; and South
Chicago and DeKalb, Illinois. Pittsburgh, Pennsyl
vania, or the Pittsburgh District, is practically made up
of industrial towns or cities engaged in the manufac
ture of iron and steel, glass, and allied products, each
of which has an immigrant colony or section composed
of households of wage-earners of recent immigration.
As representative of a community of this class, the
developments which have taken place in Johnstown,
Pennsylvania, may be described. The first iron fur
nace was established in Johnstown in 1842. Expan