282 
EMPLOYMENT PSYCHOLOGY 
trained help can be drawn and into which surplus material 
can be withdrawn. 
Third, such a school can serve as a center in which the 
various forms and practices obtaining in different depart 
ments and offices will rub elbows and tend, in consequence, 
to become more uniform and consistent. Very frequently 
it is found that different parts of an organization have 
quite different methods of handling the same kinds of 
work. Manifestly, not each of them is correct; neither 
is it possible to send out pupils trained in all of the idio 
syncrasies of the various departments. The work of the 
school therefore may be a constant source of standard 
ization and improvement in methods. 
THE FACTORY VESTIBULE SCHOOL 
In general, the same principles which apply to the office 
vestibule school apply to the factory or shop vestibule 
school. The purpose of each is, first, to discover so far 
as possible those moral qualities and those special abilities 
which can not be fully determined by the initial tests; 
second, to train new employees under controlled condi 
tions in order to enable them to succeed most quickly at 
a given task; third, to discover the work which is best 
fitted to their particular abilities and dispositions. How 
ever, the shop vestibule school may be conducted in two 
ways. First, it may be conducted as a centralized school; 
that is, a school which is equipped with typical machines 
and in which typical operations are taught in a central 
place. Second, it may be conducted as a decentralized 
school. Instead of having representative machines and 
operations grouped in one place, a certain part of the phys 
ical equipment of each individual shop can be set apart