FREE PORT OF TRIESTE 271 
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Influence of free port on the development of the merchant marine.— 
The institution of free zones at the ports of Trieste and Fiume has 
encouraged the establishment of regular steamship lines to Greece, 
Turkey, the Danube, Russian Black Sea ports, and, after the opening 
of the Suez Canal, in 1869, to India and the Far East. The organiza- 
tion of such lines was started and fostered by the ex-Austrian Lloyd, 
now the Lloyd Triestino, founded in 1836, which operates a fleet of 
218,000 gross registered tons. The traffic development table of this 
company given below reveals a large increase in the number of vessels, 
the mileage covered, and cargo carried after the opening of the 
Suez Canal. 
BAT 
Number 
of 
steamers 
Nomina, 
horse- 
Dower 
Cross 
register 
tonnage 
Number 
of 
vovages 
Miles 
Weight of 
goods 
carried 
Passen- 
gers 
§5] 
7s 
n 
3 
it 
f 
ND) 
it 
00 
-y 
1836-37 _._.. wh wi 
LOA ccm emma 
2% 
6 
i) 
3 
630 1,777 
2,110 6,310 
10,460 25,400 
13,840 45,513 
15,260 70,018 
22,630 124, 341 
114,33¢ 48 38 
143,42 194, 95¢ 
192,380 234,678 
45,08 190, 532 
150,78 35,973 
149,786 J, 257 
186,256 9, 672 
160,250 206, 492 
TITTY Tas aan 
87 
717 
2, 114 
1,422 
1,318 
1, 526 
{, 238 
051 
188 
43, 652 
334, 495 
928, 833 
976, 171 
1, 257, 695 
1, 802, 756 
1, 979, 812 
2, 245, 43¢ 
2 432, 72 
973, 621 
1, 089, 957 
1, 166, 716 
144, 504 
556, 53: 
"57, 51¢ 
, 647, 216 
1. 443 350 
Tons 
528 
13,377 
125, 3" 
150, 211 
440, 74” 
592, 03 
770, 7¢ 
, 335, 78( 
. 573, 164 
347, 645 
“4, 002 
613, 652 
~00, 119 
105, 680 
J04, 605 
+, 098, 136 
1. 090, 895 
[mmm mmm 
275, 322 
120, 063 
106, 300 
102, 486 
85,270 
100, 529 
92, 786 
60, 298 
£6. 696 
% 
9 
4 
313 
The Cosulich Lines, founded in 1903 with a capital of 2,000,000 
crowns, now controls a fleet of 500,000 tons, its own capital being 
now of 500,000,000 lire. This concern in February of this year took 
control of the Lloyd Triestino, which, owing to extremely bad manage- 
ment, had suffered severe financial reverses. The Navigazione 
Libera Triestina, starting with one steamer of 4,760 tons in 1906 and a 
capital of 768,000 crowns, now operates 200,000 tons of shipping with 
a capital of 150,000,000 lire and runs regular lines to Pacific coast 
ports of North America, around Africa, and to American North 
Atlantic ports. 
The Tripcovich Line, also of Trieste, capitalized at 25,000,000 lire, 
operates 62,000 tons of shipping. The Adria Co. of Fiume, founded 
in 1881 with 5,000,000 crowns, grew in 1924 to 15 steamers of 36,000 
tons gross register and a capital of 30,000,000 lire. The Navigazione 
Gerolimich operates 55,000 tons of shipping. 
The Lloyd Triestino and the Cosulich Lines are the two premier 
companies influenced by the reconsignment trade of Trieste. In 
1913 the Lloyd carried 970,000 tons, or 30 per cent of the total import 
and export traffic of Trieste, while the Cosulich Lines shared 380.000