ot THEORY OF STATISTICS. 
TABLE VIIIA. CALCULATION OF THE PropUCT SUM I(&7). 
2. 2 5. i 
Frequencies Products. 
Total. 
En. + my td 
Quadrants. Quadrants. Positive. Negative 
215 20 15 1:5 Se 
20 15 +-48:5 17 — 
12 | Y +10 30 = 
18 ! 1 +17 68 
17°5 I +165 | 99 
z 05 INS 12 
15 1 +5015 45 
0 4 05 + 35 35 
32 = 2 32 ai 
19 i == =i 15 
2) Chel == 
24 + 24 
28 28 
Totals 100°5 fr +334 ‘ 
415 — 44 
93 si 
SR +280 
ors 
then entered in column 4, treating the frequencies in column 3 as if 
they were themselves negative, and finally the figures of column 4 
are multiplied by the values of & and the products entered in 
column 5 or 6 according to sign. The algebraic sum of the totals 
of columns 5 and 6 = + 290 =3(£y7). Whence p’ =3(&y)/N =1234, 
To find the value of p we have, remembering that we are working 
with class-intervals as the unit, 
&j= — (0-153 x 0-36) = — 0-055 
p=p —&=123440055= + 1-289 
1-289 
T= OT wo98= T 0-34. 
The regression of pauperism on out-relief ratio is, reverting to 
1 per cent. as the unit of pauperism instead of the class-interval, 
184 
. 41H — 44 
OL