DIFFERENCES IN LABOR COSTS

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COAL

Tons oF CoaL PrODUCED PER YEAR

United States
Great Britain
Prussia
Belgium
France
Nova Scotia
New South Wales
[ndia

PER
UNDER-GROUND

WORKER

319
371
381
244
00
696
762
‘06

101

PER
WORKER
oF EVERY
Kinp

681
300
[5

PER
UNDER-GROUND

WORKER

303

in

1914

PER
WORKER
oF EVERY
Kinp

po
Ar

1918

PER
UNDER-GROUND

WORKER

1134
397
1N0

A).

PER
WORKER
oF EVERY
Kinp

R00
R5

mR

“2

0
rm

The effectiveness of labor in the United States is greater than in
any other country. It is more than double that of Great Britain
or of pre-war Prussia, at least thrice that of Belgium, five times as
great as that of British India. It is markedly greater than that
of the nearest rivals, New South Wales and Nova Scotia.
The figures may be put in another way: in terms of the daily
output per person. Since the number of days of work in the year
is not the same in the several countries, such figures do not show
precisely the same relations as those of annual output. In the

1 The contrast would have been still greater had account been taken in the
United States of bituminous coal alone ; and it is this which would afford the better
basis of comparison with other countries. I append figures showing the annual
product per year in the United States (all workers included), separately for the
two kinds of coal over a series of vears:

res

AC

16
017
018

Bituminous Tons
PER HEAD

I
792
896
915
0492

ANTHRACITE TONS
PER HEAD

505
504
548
646
672

CoaL or Bora KiNps
Tons PER HEAD

673
724
818
860
[S90