NORMS AND TRENDS IN EXPENSES 103 
related with those for state 
bank members. In some of the 
above respects, Tables 72 and 
73 are of interest. 
It was pointed out above that 
total expense in terms of earn- 
ing assets,!? and also in terms 
of gross earnings,'® for all 
member banks in certain dis- 
tricts differs markedly from 
that for the twelve districts 
combined, and that for some of 
them the ratios were above or 
below the country level for 
each of the seven years. What 
are the facts in these and other 
respects for the two groups of member banks? Specifically, our 
inquiries are as follows: (1) Are districts similarly placed accord- 
ing to the ratios for the respective types of banks? (2) Are the 
numbers of years which districts hold such positions essentially 
the same for the two member groups? (3) Is there agreement 
between the ratios in respect to the positions which the districts 
occupy relative to the country level? (4) Are the percentage 
amounts of dispersion for the district ratios for the two groups of 
banks positively correlated? In order to answer these questions, 
resort is made to tabular summaries. 
Table 74 supplies the data necessary for answering the first 
and second questions. It indicates that (1) the district ratios 
of total expense to gross earnings, for the respective types of 
banking membership, are below the country level in Districts 2, 
3, and 4, and generally above in the other districts; and (2) the 
number of years during which both types of banks hold these 
positions is substantially the same. 
Table 74, however, throws no light on the third question, inas- 
much as the positions of the banking groups each year are not 
paired by districts. When this is done, as in Table 75, an answer 
to the third question is secured. From this table it is seen that for 
seven of the districts the ratios for both types of banks were 
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