ACCIDENTS IN TERMS OF PRODUCTION 83 
) 10 20 30 
DIZ 77702707) 21.0% 
LTT 77 16.0% 
77 TZ 14.6% 
LITA 120% 
Zz. ZA 12.0% 
ZZ 77 8.7% 
ZZ7T7778 8.4% 
ZZ77773 1.8% 
zzz 1.63 
6.7% 
ar 
777 6.1% 
TIA 4.42 
7 2.6% 
7] 2.2% 
1.82 
een... 10.8% 
0.9% 1 Bituminous Coal Mining 
12% 11 Automobiles 
Brass, Bronzeand Copper Products 
3 Fine Speciality Machines 
N 518% EZ Textile 
ZZ ve etl , 1..Hardware 
60 50 40 30 20 0 0 
CHART 30 AVERAGE ANNUAL DECREASES OR INCREASES IN ACCIDENT SEVERITY 
IN TERMS oF PRODUCTION FOR 22 MaTor INDUSTRIAL GROUPS 
> 
basic data, clearly indicates that the former method does not present 
as accurate an index of the accident situation as does the method based 
upon man-hours. Among other reasons, this may be true because 
large apparent reductions in accident rates in terms of production may 
be the result of marked increases in the quantity of production. In 
such circumstances there may have been an actual increase in the num- 
ber of accidents. 
There are conditions where the product itself is an exceptional acci- 
dent hazard, and in such cases the accident rate expressed in terms of 
production is significant. An example of this is the handling of poison- 
ous, highly inflammable. or explosive substances in the chemical 
industry. 
It is also true that the production basis for accident frequency and 
severity rates becomes a significant and reliable index, aside from 
the human aspects, as a measure of accident-prevention performance 
where revolutionary changes are made in the mechanical and engineer- 
ing phases of the processes; such cases, for instance, where the 
production rate has been markedly increased and the number of em- 
ployees sharply reduced owing to a change in the mechanical equip- 
ment or processes. Another situation, where accidents in terms of 
production give a true indication of the situation, is where processes 
are highly mechanized and the labor-hours per unit of production are