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means on a national scale of bringing employers who desire work-
people and workpeople seeking employment, both adults and
juveniles, into touch with one another. The exchanges are avail-
able to both without charge. Special machinery is provided for
meeting employers’ requirements which cannot be satisfied locally,
and workers who find employment at a distance through an ex-
change may receive an advance of money to enable them to pay
their fares to travel to their new employment. Through the
machinery provided by the exchanges constant movement from
one area to another in this country is already proceeding. (In
certain areas in England and Wales, including most of the im-
portant large towns outside London, the responsibility for the
administration of employment agency work and unemployment
insurance for juveniles has been undertaken by Local Education
Authorities.)
Training Centres for Adults for Employment in this Country.
52. The Government have established four training centres
at Wallsend, Birmingham, Dudley and Bristol, for young
unemployed men up to the age of 25 (29 for ex-service
men), of which those at Bristol and Dudley have been brought
into being during the last three months. A further centre will
shortly be opened in Scotland. The number of places at present
available is 1,600, and the annual turnover about 3,500 trainees
a year. The new Scottish centre will add about 150 places and
about 300 to the turnover. The training is designed to improve
general employability, to teach workshop discipline and the use
of tools, to equip the men in fact to obtain work in occupations
other than those in which their sole prospects would lie if they
remained in their home areas. The courses last for a maximum
of six months; men from distant areas are accommodated at
lodgings near the centres. A high proportion of the men now
undergoing training are miners and, on the basis of past experi-
ence, the prospects of employment for men at the end of their
courses are good—over 90 per cent. of the men trained to date
have been placed in employment in Great Britain, the majority
in jobs with a prospect of continuity.
Juvenile Unemployment Centres.
53. Juvenile unemployment centres are of long standing, but
the provision of centres has recently been widely extended in the
Durham and Northumberland and South Wales coalfields. Pro-
vision is also being made in the Scottish coalfields. There are now
about 2.000 boys, the greater number of whom are between the