C. NEw Zzaranp. 
103. The ordinary passage rate is the same as that to Australia, 
but the assisted passage for an adult is only about £11. Immigra- 
tion into New Zealand is at present based almost entirely on 
nomination, which may be for industrial as well as agricultural 
work. 
XII. CHECKS UPON MIGRATION 
104. We doubt whether the tendencies illustrated by the figures 
of migration set out in Appendix I have been fully appreciated 
either by the public here or in the Dominions. To restore the 
post-war figures of migration from this country to the average of 
some years before the war, even for a couple of years, would make 
an immense difference. It would take us too far afield to examine 
in detail all the explanations that are given to account for the falling 
oft, and for a short statement of the factors which act ag checks 
upon migration we must refer to the Annual Report for the year 
1927 of the Oversea Settlement Committee* recently issued, which 
briefly describes the chief explanations usually given. We wish, 
however, to supplement very shortly what is said in that report 
about certain of these explanations. 
105. The first explanation advanced is the general economic condition 
at home and in the Dominions. Tf ig frequently maintained that in 
normal times, over a decade or two, migration tends to be at 
its highest when trade is brisk and development is proceeding. If 
this explanation were conclusive for all time the trade difficulties 
that have been experienced at home might account for a reluctance 
of our own peoples to move. But, in fact, trade conditions in the 
Dominions have by contrast with our own been relatively pros- 
berous, and yet this fact has not attracted an increased migration. 
Is it, then, the fault of our own people? The answer is short ; 
there are many more people applying and ready to apply for 
assisted passages overseas than the Dominions are prepared to 
accept. There is not an agency, official or unofficial, which hag 
not experience and knowledgs of many who wish to go, men and 
families of all types, and who cannot go because they are held to 
be ineligible for assistance owing to the conditions laid down by the 
Dominion Authorities. and they cannot afford to pay for them- 
salves. 
106. This leads us to a second reason assigned for the falling off 
in migration, the cost of the passage from this country to the over- 
sea dominions. Passage rates of £18 135s. to Canada, of £37 to 
Australia or New Zealand, are, after the economic conditions at 
home of the last few years, prohibitive for large numbers of en- 
tirely suitable migrants, especially families, wha are anxious to 
* Cmd. 30881998.