78 THE SHADOW OF THE WORLD’S FUTURE
lead to larger and more dense aggregations, and by the
sheer influence of numbers, one which can often
express itself in the field of politics and otherwise for
its own immediate advantage. Such aggregations
tend to increase in size, and to attract individuals of
certain types of mind and character. This would
appear to be inevitable. Ultimately these tendencies
frequently produce sharp collisions of interest between
the scattered agricultural populations and the dense
industrial and commercial ones. The political power
of the latter aggregates, especially in so-called democratic
 communities, tends also to accentuate the
diversity by the obtaining of greater privileges and
advantages in many ways as compared with the agricultural
 aggregates. Often, for example, this is expressed
 by high tariffs, which, as between the two
classes, are by no means equitable.
Operating continuously, and over extended periods
of time, factors such as have been mentioned, and
similar ones, create a distinct heterogeneity, out of
what initially were homogeneous groups of people.
As a consequence the world now exhibits great
diversities of population-density, even where the
language and social ideals are, or were, either identical
or very similar, and these are not always referable to
physical diversities.
‘The world-situation in respect of these matters is by
no means a simple one, or one easy of betterment.
Owing to the multiplying power of the human race,
the world-populations are already threatened with
the difficulties of an adequate provision of food-stuffs,
and with the cost and labour of transporting them
to the places where they are needed. The question
consequently arises, “ How shall the population-carrying
 power be increased without accentuating existing
 difficulties?” While obviously migration can
help, the conditions governing migration are by no