136 
EUROPE AND AFRICA 
Lieutenant Mizon attempted to make the connection in 
the reverse order, by going up the Niger and Benué Rivers 
to Yola and making his way south to the French Congo. 
He got as far as the Adamaua country in 1892; but the com- 
plaints of the British and German Governments, which had 
claims in this region, prevented him from accomplishing 
anything of importance in this way. However, Casimir 
Maistre succeeded in the next year (1893) in mounting 
northward from the Congo and Ubangi Rivers to the basin 
of the Gribingui River, to Adamaua, and returning via 
Yola and the Niger. In the same year the last portion of 
the Nigeria -Cameroon frontier was worked out by Germany 
and England to Lake Chad, so that England received Yola 
and Adamaua went to Germany. 
The French objected vigorously to this partition and re- 
fused to recognize the treaty until her claim to Beguirmi 
with access to Lake Chad from the south was recognized 
officially in the German-French treaty ! of March 15, 1894. 
The southern boundary of the French Congo was definitely 
determined by a delimitation treaty 2 with the Congo Inde- 
pendent State on August 14, 1894; and finally, after M. 
Closel had founded Carnot on the Ekela-Sanga River and 
made his way north via the rivers Lobay and Bali to the 
Oua branch of the Bahr-Sara (a tributary through the Chari 
to Lake Chad) in 1894 and 1895, the whole Cameroon-Congo 
frontier was satisfactorily adjusted in a treaty with Germany 
in April, 1908. 
The northeastern portion of the French Congo, bordering 
on the Bahr-el-Ghazal district of the Egyptian Sudan, re- 
mained still unexplored and lacking in definite frontiers. 
The Egyptian Sudan from Khartoum south had been lost 
to Egypt since the Mahdi insurrection in 1884 and 1885. 
! Brit. and For. St. Papers, vol. 86, pp. 974-78. 
! Ibid., vol. 90, p. 1278.