THE REOCCUPATION OF NORTHERN AFRICA 385
privileges and immunities now enjoyed in Egypt by the capitula-
tory Powers should be modified and rendered less injurious to the
interests of the country. . ..
3. (i) As between Egypt and Great Britain a Treaty will
be entered into under which Great Britain will recognize the in-
dependence of Egypt as a constitutional monarchy with repre-
sentative institutions, and Egypt will confer upon Great Britain
such rights as are necessary to safeguard her special interests and
to enable her to furnish the guarantees which must be given to
foreign powers to secure the relinquishment of their capitulatory
richts.t
It was reported in the fall of 1920 that Egyptian opinion
had generally accepted the proposed lines of settlement,
with one or two reservations, such as an explicit renuncia-
tion of the Protectorate.?
This Memorandum forecast the official report of the Mil-
ner Commission in the spring of 1921, which concluded with
a recommendation that a treaty with Egypt be negotiated
without undue delay. The British invitation to negotiate
led to an exciting contest in Egypt between Adly Yeghen
Pasha’s Ministry of all the Talents, and Zaghlul Pasha,
who desired to control the negotiations. Renewed violence
in Egypt and the killing of some of the Greek community in
Alexandria not only caused a reaction against Zaghlul
among the Egyptians, but also made the foreigners in Egypt
more insistent upon the maintenance of their rights under
the capitulations and upon a continuance of British super-
vision. Adly Pasha won the contest, but in November,
1921, negotiations with Great Britain finally broke down
on two points — the British insistence upon the right of
maintaining troops, not only in the Canal Zone, but in any
! Beer, George Louis, African Questions at the Paris Peace Conference,
edited by L. H. Gray. The full text, taken from the Brit. Parl. Layers,
1921, Egupt No. 1, Cmd. 1131, is quoted in Beer's Appendix, pp. 548-51.
2 See, for instance, the Christian Seience Monitor, November 2 and %.
1920, and The Times (London), February 28. 1921.
