NATIONAL ORIGINS PROVISION OF IMMIGRATION LAW 147 
basis is unsound, as it gives late comers a preferential status over the 
parent stock of this country. No one can deny that the foundations 
rf this country were Anglo-Saxon and that it is an Anglo-Saxon 
country by an overwhelming preponderance. All authorities of im- 
portance agree that the parent Anglo-Saxon stock composed 40 to 80 
per cent of the population of 1790. 
The selection of the 1890 census as a basis for temporary use in the 
restriction of immigration was alleged to be due to the fact that it was 
more equitable than the census of other periods. This can not be sub- 
stantiated as the foreign born coming into this country during the 
period 1880-1890 was far above the average, excluding the abnormal 
period of 1850-1860, as the foreign born coming into this country 
setween 1880 and 1890 was 39.1 per cent as against an average of 27 
per cent for the 50-year period starting in 1860. The increase in 
foreign born coming into this country between 1850 and 1910 is as 
ollows : 
Per cent 
ii i i pie; So 
eee. 12.0 
[EE cree 3007 
If the period of 1910 to 1920 had been used in arriving at the 
average the percentage would have been an average of a little more 
than half of the census of 1890 now being used as a basis. 
Another excellent reason why the immigrant quota on the basis of 
foreign born shown by the 1890 census is wholly unsound lies in the 
fact that the determination of the quota is based on a group of which 
approximately one-third are aliens who have neither become natural- 
‘zed nor indicated their intentions of becoming naturalized. 
The census of 1890 shows a total of 13,712,754 foreign born in this 
country of which 4,364,909 were aliens. These aliens who have 
neither become naturalized nor even signified their intentions of 
oecoming citizens are given full consideration in the determination 
of quotas while the parent stock responsible for the founding of this 
country are wholly excluded from consideration. In other words, 
1 large percentage of the basis of determination of quotas is in the 
hands of aliens who have not enough interest in the country to become 
sitizens, and even the bulk of the other group consists of late arrivals 
1s a large majority has come into this country since 1850. The great 
increase in foreign born of 82.8 per cent during the period of 1850— 
1860 was brought about largely by three causes—the famine in Ire- 
land, discovery of gold in California, and the failure of a revolu- 
tionary movement in Germany. 
It is to be especially noted that the great increase in foreign born 
on which the present quota method is based did not start until 1850 
or until long after the parent stock of this country had founded a 
new nation, and endured the sacrifices and hardships involved: The 
influx of foreign born came not because of a desire to build up the 
new nation but because they desired to share the wealth and ad- 
vantages resulting from the rR emis efforts and sacrifices of the 
parent stock. 
What I have termed the late comers did not appear in this country 
until after the country had been established and in a prosperous 
sondition, and they did not share in the hardships and privations