PREFACE 
(2) The precise transliteration of the words so given in 
the text will be found in the glossary (Appendix H), following 
the simplified form. 
(3) In the Appendices, the precise transliteration is 
used in cases where the terms or phrases under discussion 
seem to require it. 
(4) Proper names are given only in simplified form. 
Linguistic scholars do not need to be reminded that the % 
in Muhammad, for instance, is different from the 4% in 
Humayiin, while ordinary readers are not interested in the 
difference. 
(5) I have retained the ordinary spelling of words such 
as Moslem or Mogul, and of names such as Calcutta or 
Lahore, which have become incorporated in the English 
language. 
[t will be noticed that my simplified transliteration is 
very nearly that which is used in Volume III of the Cam- 
bridge History of India; and the resemblance is not confined 
to transliteration, for the views taken of the principal 
characters, and the main authorities, of the period in the 
two books are substantially identical. It may be well 
therefore to explain that my chapters dealing with this 
period were ready for the printer before Sir Wolseley Haig’s 
exhaustive volume was published; the similarity of stand- 
point, and even the occasional verbal coincidences, are not 
due to imitation or consultation, but are the result of 
independent study of the same authorities. In a few cases 
where Sir Wolseley Haig’s interpretation of passages bearing 
on agrarian matters differs from mine, I have re-examined 
the evidence, but I have not found occasion to modify the 
views which I had previously formed. 
The method of citing authorities is conditioned by the 
facts that the titles are commonly long, and frequently 
similar. In order to reduce the footnotes to reasonable 
bulk, I have selected arbitrary key-words to denote the 
principal authorities, the full titles being set out under 
these key-words in Appendix I. 
In bringing together information drawn from so many 
heterogeneous sources, I have necessarily been dependent on 
the assistance of scholars working in many different fields.