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Labor’s Codperative Policy 165 
Rival unions defeated the attempt to secure union- 
nagement codperation when this plan was first 
ached for Philadelphia in 1911. Without dis- 
ninating against union men, however, the plan 
.tked in that city for sixteen years prior to the 
ent two-thirds vote by the union that made it a 
n for organized labor. 
Like the somewhat different sort of management 
the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad in the case of its 
'pmen, the so-called “Mitten Management” plan 
tifies its cooperative agreement with organized 
or on two grounds: first, organization is needed to 
tect the rights of labor; and second, labor organ- 
d for economic efficiency has the greatest power 
public and private good. 
oth systems freely provide union representation 
management, and agreement to share fairly any 
sequent benefits. 
European Labor Dogma Reversed 
Bettered industrial relations are mentioned by the 
ting European delegations investigating Ameri- 
industries as one explanation of the growth in 
* prosperity. Here the workmen have awakened 
the fact that improved methods of production are 
benefit to themselves as well as to the owner and 
public. In the new labor compacts and in the 
on banks, laborers have become capitalists. This 
ontrary to the European industrial dogma, but it 
ms to be winning, because it is based on sound 
nan psychology and philosophy. 
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